Ex situ research plays an important role in amphibian conservation, especially developing husbandry and breeding techniques and protocols for species where little is known of their captive requirements. The skills gained by working with these “analog” species can then be applied to closely related, but more threatened species that have been recommended for captive rescue or assurance populations.
The current version of the AArk Conservation Needs Assessment process has been used to generate over 2,653 assessments for more than 2,307 unique species (31% of the 7,530 currently-known species), in 27 different countries or regions. Several more country-wide assessments are presently underway. The results of all assessments are available on the Assessment Results page, and in our new online assessment program. Additional assessments are planned for other countries and regions over the coming months. The benefits of this assessment process are clear – we assemble the leading amphibian field experts in each region, to collectively determine the best course of conservation actions to help prevent the extinctions of threatened amphibian species in nature. These actions include habitat restoration and preservation, threat mitigation, captive breeding for release and community awareness and involvement.
While AArk strongly recommends that rescue programs are established within the range country of the species wherever possible, establishing new programs for developing husbandry expertise using more common species can also be undertaken outside of the range country. Often zoos outside the range country have considerable amphibian husbandry expertise, and the resources to establish programs for husbandry research.
Zoos, aquariums and other captive breeding organizations that are considering the implementation of new amphibian research programs are strongly encouraged to consider the following species, which have all been recommended for ex situ research programs via Conservation Needs Assessments.
Click on the country tabs to see the species recommended for ex situ research from each country.
- Argentina
- Bahamas
- Bolivia
- Brazil
- Cambodia
- Canada
- Chile
- Cuba
- Dominican Republic
- Ecuador
- Grenada
- Guatemala
- Haiti
- India
- Jamaica
- Laos
- Madagascar
- Philippines
- Puerto Rico
- Singapore
- Sri Lanka
- USA
- Vietnam
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Alsodes gargola Tonchek Spiny-chest Frog
Comments: Analogo de otros Alsodes australis. Amenazas: trucha y deforestacion, esta ultima puede ser manejada. Barrera fisica que evita que las truchas lleguen a todas las lagunas en areas protegidas. Hay gran interes en sembrar truchas en el area de distribucion no protegida. Se han mantenido en cautiverio renacuajos por aproximadamente 5 años, se llego a la metamorfosis pero no se cerro el ciclo.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3041&SpeciesID=2047&CountryID=99
Atelognathus reverberii Laguna Raimunda Frog
Comments: Analoga a las otras especies de Atelognathus. Dentro de area protegida, pero sin controles efectivos. Amenazas: ovejas y cabras, no estan siendo manejadas.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3099&SpeciesID=2334&CountryID=99
Atelognathus solitarius Las Bayas Frog
Comments: Conocer la biologia reproductiva, ciclo de vida. No se encuentra dentro de un area protegida. No se tiene mucha informacion de la especie, se encontraron muy pocos ejemplares. No se han encontrado en los ultimos 30 años, se realizaron 6 busquedas en los ultimos 12 años. Amenazas: posiblemente la trucha.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3101&SpeciesID=2336&CountryID=99
Batrachyla leptopus Gray Wood Frog
Comments: Analogo para B. fitzroya
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3105&SpeciesID=2339&CountryID=99
Ceratophrys ornata Ornate Horned Frog, Argentina Horned Frog
Comments: Analogo de C. cranwelli. Se encuentran en areas protegidas, como parque nacional en Palmar, y no protegidas. Amenazas: perdida de habitat por agricultura, mascotismo. Unico caso en que las larvas cantan. Investigacion en ecotoxicologia, relacionando contaminacion con estos cantos de larvas. Se encuentran casos de ejemplares poliploides. Educacion: colorido y llamativo. Importancia socio-economica: mascotismo.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3552&SpeciesID=5027&CountryID=99
Crossodactylus schmidti
Comments: Se encuentra dentro de areas protegidas, protegida de forma eficiente. Analogo Crossodactylus dispar. Amenaza: rana toro, pero la distribucion de esta ultima es muy limitada dentro de la distribucion de la especie en cuestion.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3036&SpeciesID=1862&CountryID=99
Eupsophus calcaratus Chiloe Island Ground Frog
Comments: Analogo de especies de Eusophus chilenos amenazados. Reproduccion con cuidado parental y con larva endotrofica completa, incluido el metamorfo (con saco vitelino). Algunas especies se reproducen en cavidades de cuevos ocultas, con galerias. Mantenidas en cautiverio para describir el desarrollo larval.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3055&SpeciesID=2062&CountryID=99
Eupsophus emiliopugini Emilio’s Ground Frog
Comments: Analoga de especies de Eusophus chilenos amenazados. Todo se encuentra dentro de un area protegida. Mantenidas en cautiverio para describir las particularidades del desarrollo larval.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3058&SpeciesID=2064&CountryID=99
Hypsiboas riojanus
Comments: Analogo de H. marianitae. Se encuentra en areas protegidas y fuera de estas.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3812&SpeciesID=6155&CountryID=99
Luetkenotyphlus brasiliensis Sao Paulo Caecilian
Comments: Biologia de la especie (Son animales fosoriales, si no se estudia en el laboratorio no se puede observar) Brusqueti y Lavilla (2006) citan la especie para Paraguay. No se encuentra en zonas protegidas en Argentina. Se conoce solo un ejemplar colectado en la decada del ´40. No se conoce nada de la especie.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2953&SpeciesID=1409&CountryID=99
Odontophrynus occidentalis Escuercito
Comments: Analogo para O. achalensis y O. barrioi. Se encuentran en areas protegidas. Cria y mantenimiento en cautiverio.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3191&SpeciesID=2658&CountryID=99
Pleurodema cordobae
Comments: Se encuentra dentro de areas protegidas, protegida de forma eficiente. Especie octoploide. Nueva especie, no presente en la lista de la UICN. Educacion: junto con las especies de Achala son ejemplo de endemismo y especiacion. Endemismo de Sierra Grande de Cordoba (Achala y Comechingones).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3375&SpeciesID=4088&CountryID=99
Pleurodema kriegi Achala’s Four-eyed Frog
Comments: Analogo de P. cordobae (nueva especie, no presente en la lista de la UICN). Se encuentra dentro de areas protegidas, protegida de forma eficiente. Especie poliploide. Educacion: junto con las especies de Achala son ejemplo de endemismo y especiacion.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3377&SpeciesID=4092&CountryID=99
Rhinella arenarum
Comments: Analogo de R. gallardoi, R. gnustae. Importancia cultural: se lo encuentra en el folklore. Investigacion: utilizado como animal de investigacion en varias disciplinas. Tiene potencial educativo porque es comun y tiene importancia para desmiticar, buen ejemplo para explicar el cilo de vida de anuros.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3438&SpeciesID=4695&CountryID=99
Rhinella rumbolli
Comments: Analogo para R. gallardoi. Se encuentra dentro de areas naturales protegidas. Existen nuevas localidades, poblaciones abundantes y estables.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3464&SpeciesID=4751&CountryID=99
Rhinella spinulosa
Comments: Analogo de R. achalensis. Mantenimiento de la especie en cautiverio.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3467&SpeciesID=4756&CountryID=99
Telmatobius hauthali
Comments: Analogo de T. laticeps, T pisanoi. No se encuentra dentro de areas protegidas. Amenaza: truchas. Especie ausente donde las truchas estan presentes, pero existen barreras fisicas (saltos de agua) que impiden que las truchas esten en todos lados, por lo que hay zonas en las que las poblaciones estan estables. Ganaderia como amenaza minima. Se ha encontrado solo en un alfuente de los dos de un arroyo principal, no buscado en el otro afluente.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3597&SpeciesID=5451&CountryID=99
Telmatobius oxycephalus
Comments: Analogo T. laticeps, T. pisanoi. Se encuentra en areas protegidas y fuera de estas. Amenazas: truchas. Se encontro predacion efectiva por parte de truchas fuera de zonas protegidas. Dentro de zonas protegidas no se encuentran truchas, por lo que la especie esta efectivamente protegida. Mantenimiento en cautiverio, con puesta de huevos.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3610&SpeciesID=5466&CountryID=99
Telmatobius platycephalus
Comments: Analogo de todas las especies de Telmatobius de la puna (T. atacamensis). No se encuentran en areas naturales protegidas. Poblaciones estables. No existen amenazas visibles como truchas u otro tipo de problema. Se encuentra en lugares puntuales. Al ser especie de distribucion reducida necesitan atencion especial para evitar su exintcion por causas antropogenicas o estocasticas.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3617&SpeciesID=5472&CountryID=99
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Eleutherodactylus planirostris Greenhouse Frog, Cuban Flathead Frog
Comments: Is a good husbandry analog for other ground-dwelling Eleutherodctylus species. Occurs in widespread habitats. It is an invasive species. This is a good example of a direct-developing frog and would be good for conservation education programs in schools (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Is currently held in captivity.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=755&SpeciesID=3834&CountryID=61
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Cochranella nola
Comments: Se considera una especie que podria ser posible analogo para las otras especies del genero.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3504&SpeciesID=4840&CountryID=100
Hypsiboas riojanus
Comments: Puede ser una especie analoga para otras especies (H. alboniger). Mas de la mitad de las poblaciones no estan en zonas protegidas, sin embargo por su amplia distribucion consideramos que una gran cantidad de individuos estan presentes en zonas eficazmente protegidas. Esta especie es grande y colorida, activa durante el dia. aunque si existe una publicacion, hay sospechas que existen otras especies
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3813&SpeciesID=6155&CountryID=100
Noblella carrascoicola
Comments: Puede ser analoga para N. ritarasquinae.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2690&SpeciesID=395&CountryID=100
Nymphargus bejaranoi Bolivian Cochran Frog
Comments: Esta especie puede ser considerada como un analogo para especies del genero.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3526&SpeciesID=4883&CountryID=100
Psychrophrynella iatamasi
Comments:
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3221&SpeciesID=3273&CountryID=100
Psychrophrynella illimani
Comments: Podria ser analogo para otras especies de paramo, porque se ha encontrado una buena poblacion.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3223&SpeciesID=3275&CountryID=100
Psychrophrynella wettsteini
Comments: Es una especie analaga para cualquiera de las otras especies del genero.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3228&SpeciesID=3283&CountryID=100
Rhinella rumbolli
Comments: R) serviria de analogo para el grupo veraguensis. (quechua y veraguensis). Presente en las localidades de Tariquia, Alarache. Puede ser afectada por la presencia de quitridio.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3465&SpeciesID=4751&CountryID=100
Rhinella rumbolli
Comments: R) serviria de analogo para el grupo veraguensis. (quechua y veraguensis). Presente en las localidades de Tariquia, Alarache. Puede ser afectada por la presencia de quitridio.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3465&SpeciesID=4751&CountryID=100
Rhinella veraguensis
Comments: Sirve de analogo para R. quechua.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3472&SpeciesID=4763&CountryID=100
Telmatobius bolivianus
Comments: Si para el caso q se trabaje con la especie para saber la epoca de reintroduccion, colectas, etc.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3581&SpeciesID=5433&CountryID=100
Telmatobius bolivianus
Comments: Si para el caso q se trabaje con la especie para saber la epoca de reintroduccion, colectas, etc.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3581&SpeciesID=5433&CountryID=100
Telmatobius espadai
Comments: H) habitat destruido. R) En caso de encontarr las poblaciones servirian como analogos para otras especies.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3593&SpeciesID=5447&CountryID=100
Telmatobius gigas
Comments: Se tiene planes de realizar investigaciones de la relacion de la infeccion de quitridio y radiaciones UV, tambien realizando estudios de marcaje Puede ser analogo para otras especies de altura. Distincion bioogica y es un potencial para educacion por el tamano de las larvas.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3595&SpeciesID=5449&CountryID=100
Telmatobius gigas
Comments: Se tiene planes de realizar investigaciones de la relacion de la infeccion de quitridio y radiaciones UV, tambien realizando estudios de marcaje Puede ser analogo para otras especies de altura. Distincion bioogica y es un potencial para educacion por el tamano de las larvas.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3595&SpeciesID=5449&CountryID=100
Telmatobius hintoni
Comments: Se tiene planes de realizar investigaciones de la relacion de la infeccion de quitridio y radiaciones UV, tambien realizando estudios de marcaje No existe una sobre colecta, sin embargo en Cochabamba se la colecta localmente para practicas universitarias.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3598&SpeciesID=5452&CountryID=100
Telmatobius hintoni
Comments: Se tiene planes de realizar investigaciones de la relacion de la infeccion de quitridio y radiaciones UV, tambien realizando estudios de marcaje No existe una sobre colecta, sin embargo en Cochabamba se la colecta localmente para practicas universitarias.
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3598&SpeciesID=5452&CountryID=100
Telmatobius marmoratus Marbled Water Frog
Comments: Seria analogo para la cria en cautiverio en referencia a T. gigas, T. huayra, T. hintoni. Utilizado para ceremonias de fertilidad, a la vez como carnada para peces, tambien en jugo de rana (Bolivia).
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3605&SpeciesID=5462&CountryID=100
Telmatobius yuracare
Comments: potencialidad de trabajar con ADN ambiental. Solo se cuenta con un individuo macho en cautiverio
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3629&SpeciesID=5487&CountryID=100
Telmatobius yuracare
Comments: potencialidad de trabajar con ADN ambiental. Solo se cuenta con un individuo macho en cautiverio
Assessed: 5 Jun 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3629&SpeciesID=5487&CountryID=100
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Bokermannohyla circumdata
Comments: Can be used as an analog for B. vulcaniae. Very widespread species with the majority of the population not occurring in protected habitat.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=222&SpeciesID=5844&CountryID=101
Brachycephalus brunneus
Comments: Is an analog for B. ferruginus, B. izecksohni, B. pernix and B. pombali. Found in protected habitat in Pico Do Parana State Park (Magno Segalla, pers comm).
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=330&SpeciesID=2353&CountryID=101
Ceratophrys aurita Brazilian Horned Frog
Comments: Analog for C. ornata. The majority of the population is not in protected areas.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=371&SpeciesID=5022&CountryID=101
Ceratophrys joazeirensis Caatinga Horned Frog
Comments: Is an analog species for C. ornata. The majority of the population occurs outside of protected areas. Known to have been collected for the pet trade.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=372&SpeciesID=5026&CountryID=101
Ceratophrys ornata Ornate Horned Frog, Argentina Horned Frog
Comments: Not found since the 1980s. Population was widely distributed outside protected areas (Vanessa Verdade, pers comm). Requires research into what the species is susceptible to. C. aurita and C. joazeirensis are analogs for this species.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=373&SpeciesID=5027&CountryID=101
Cycloramphus boraceiensis
Comments: Analog for C. semipalmatus.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=498&SpeciesID=3313&CountryID=101
Cycloramphus eleutherodactylus
Comments: This species protects its eggs by sitting on them, and keeping them wet. Analog for C. faustoi.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=505&SpeciesID=3321&CountryID=101
Cycloramphus faustoi
Comments: Research into reproductive strategy required. This could be done in the field, but it is currently very difficult to undertake. Known to be in a protected park, but the Brazilian navy uses the park for training, and this destroys habitat. This species protects the eggs by sitting on them, and keeping them wet. Analog would be C. eleutherodactylus.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=506&SpeciesID=3322&CountryID=101
Cycloramphus faustoi
Comments: Research into reproductive strategy required. This could be done in the field, but it is currently very difficult to undertake. Known to be in a protected park, but the Brazilian navy uses the park for training, and this destroys habitat. This species protects the eggs by sitting on them, and keeping them wet. Analog would be C. eleutherodactylus.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=506&SpeciesID=3322&CountryID=101
Dendrophryniscus brevipollicatus
Comments: Is an analog for D. carvalhoi.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=522&SpeciesID=2639&CountryID=101
Holoaden luederwaldti
Comments: Very little is known about the reproductive biology of this species.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=968&SpeciesID=373&CountryID=101
Holoaden luederwaldti
Comments: Very little is known about the reproductive biology of this species.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=968&SpeciesID=373&CountryID=101
Melanophryniscus tumifrons
Comments: Can be used as an analog for M. Ad mirabilis.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1651&SpeciesID=4562&CountryID=101
Phrynomedusa marginata
Comments: Analog for P. fimbriata.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1978&SpeciesID=1574&CountryID=101
Phrynomedusa vanzolinii
Comments: Analog for P. fimbriata.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1979&SpeciesID=1575&CountryID=101
Physalaemus olfersii
Comments: Is an analog for P. soaresi. The majority of the population of this species is not in protected habitat.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1992&SpeciesID=4076&CountryID=101
Scinax perpusillus
Comments: Analog for S. alcatraz, S. faivovichi and S. peixotoi.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2469&SpeciesID=1782&CountryID=101
Thoropa megatympanum
Comments: Is an analog for T. saxatilis.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2581&SpeciesID=3342&CountryID=101
Thoropa miliaris
Comments: This species is an analog for T. lutzi and T. petropolitana.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2582&SpeciesID=3343&CountryID=101
Thoropa taophora
Comments: This species is an analog for T. lutzi and T. petropolitana. New species, not listed in the GAA – split from T. miliaris.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2585&SpeciesID=3346&CountryID=101
Xenohyla truncata
Comments: Is an analog for X. eugenioi. The majority of the population is not in protected areas. Only known fruit-eating frog species. Research is currently being undertaken on the chemicals in the skin.
Assessed: 12 Aug 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2601&SpeciesID=1852&CountryID=101
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Odorrana chloronota Chloronate Huia Frog, Copper-cheeked Frog
Comments: This group needs taxonomic work; this might not be a good species (Annemarie Ohler, Jodi Rowley). This species calls ultrasonically (Jiang Jianping). Would be a good analog for other Odorrana species (Thomas Ziegler).
Assessed: 30 Mar 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1801&SpeciesID=3131&CountryID=132
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Ambystoma tigrinum Eastern Tiger Salamander
Comments: Barber – use as analog for Ambystoma mexicanum. Lannoo – split into malvortium (westerns), but both species ar Dodd – reintroduced into NJ/ MD barrowpit project is questionable; Crump – deliberate reintroductions across range. Dodd – cannibalistic paedomorphs alternative life history strategy (fewer than 10-20 species worldwide); Dodd – bait species (Poole – disease spread potential); All – education potential: invasive species, large charismatic.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=50&SpeciesID=5518&CountryID=95
Anaxyrus americanus American Toad
Comments: Analog for many other toad species (i.e., Wyoming). Historical use as scientific research species.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=82&SpeciesID=2470&CountryID=95
Anaxyrus boreas Boreal Toad, Western Toad
Comments: Analog for exsul. Dodd – some populations found by Richard Tracy (UN – Reno) to expand range; in decline in south and east due to Bd; Glusenc – widely recognized as flagship for range (manageable); mandates are state specific.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=84&SpeciesID=2472&CountryID=95
Anaxyrus hemiophrys Canadian Toad
Comments: Analog for baxteri (for husbandry techniques). Chippendale: distribution is fairly patchy in Canada and most probably fall outside of protected areas. Possibly habitat for reintroduction, butt not sure. A good person to ask would be David Green at McGill University/Redpath Museum in Montreal.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=95&SpeciesID=2480&CountryID=95
Dicamptodon tenebrosus Pacific Giant Salamander
Comments: Analog for ensatus. Education – locally as ambassador for larger salamander.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=579&SpeciesID=5523&CountryID=95
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus Spring Salamander
Comments: Natural history lacking in genera. Kast – bred at Toledo but listed in ISIS under their subspecies; has been added for review by FWS as Endangered species status (Barber) – which will require full recovery plan; education – local awareness campaign will only help species recover (All). (Post workshop: Toledo has never bred Gyrinophilus. We have maintained them for many years, but I still do not know how to sex them without possibly anesthetizing and examining the cloacal lining. So we may not even have sexual pairs. I am not aware of any successful captive reproduction with the genus. Tim Herman, pers. comm. Oct 2013).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=948&SpeciesID=988&CountryID=95
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus Spring Salamander
Comments: Natural history lacking in genera. Kast – bred at Toledo but listed in ISIS under their subspecies; has been added for review by FWS as Endangered species status (Barber) – which will require full recovery plan; education – local awareness campaign will only help species recover (All). (Post workshop: Toledo has never bred Gyrinophilus. We have maintained them for many years, but I still do not know how to sex them without possibly anesthetizing and examining the cloacal lining. So we may not even have sexual pairs. I am not aware of any successful captive reproduction with the genus. Tim Herman, pers. comm. Oct 2013).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=948&SpeciesID=988&CountryID=95
Necturus maculosus Common Mudpuppy
Comments: Analog for genus Necturus, especially alabamensis. Host to a freshwater mussel (Glocidia sp.); introduced into Conn. River (Weir); commercially valuable for scientific industry; education value for awareness of genus.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1747&SpeciesID=1173&CountryID=95
Spea bombifrons Plains Spadefoot
Comments: Makes exceptional; analog for other Spea spp. Lannoo – difficult to detect; Lannoo – has cannibalistic morphs triggered by high density (in Spea only, not Scaphiopus) – life history (cannibalism).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2485&SpeciesID=5422&CountryID=95
Taricha granulosa Roughskin Newt
Comments: Philips – have tetrodotoxin (TTD); analog for Taricha; diurnal, toxins, behaviors make good education species.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2524&SpeciesID=1237&CountryID=95
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Alsodes australis
Comments: Adaptaciones a la temperatura y distinto clima que alsodes nodosus. Es una especie muy abundante, se conoce muy bien el rango de distribución pero no la biología. Potencial educativo para ciclo reproductivo
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3039&SpeciesID=2045&CountryID=102
Alsodes australis
Comments: Adaptaciones a la temperatura y distinto clima que alsodes nodosus. Es una especie muy abundante, se conoce muy bien el rango de distribución pero no la biología. Potencial educativo para ciclo reproductivo
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3039&SpeciesID=2045&CountryID=102
Alsodes nodosus Black Spiny-chest Frog
Comments: Para saber ciclo larval y desarrollo, existe información pero no fue publicado. Cría en Cautiverio por Nelly de la Fuente Indo hace 30 años, por ovulación inducida (no publicado). Insuficientemente conocida por la ley chilena. En Reñaca desapareció completamente. Potencial educativo para enseñar características de Alsodes.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3048&SpeciesID=2054&CountryID=102
Alsodes nodosus Black Spiny-chest Frog
Comments: Para saber ciclo larval y desarrollo, existe información pero no fue publicado. Cría en Cautiverio por Nelly de la Fuente Indo hace 30 años, por ovulación inducida (no publicado). Insuficientemente conocida por la ley chilena. En Reñaca desapareció completamente. Potencial educativo para enseñar características de Alsodes.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3048&SpeciesID=2054&CountryID=102
Batrachyla antartandica Marbled Wood Frog
Comments: Es la rana que alcanza latitud más austral, junto con nannophryne. Sería de interés investigar cuidado parental ex-situ. Tiene potencial educativo por su cuidado parental, bonita y colorida
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3103&SpeciesID=2337&CountryID=102
Batrachyla antartandica Marbled Wood Frog
Comments: Es la rana que alcanza latitud más austral, junto con nannophryne. Sería de interés investigar cuidado parental ex-situ. Tiene potencial educativo por su cuidado parental, bonita y colorida
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3103&SpeciesID=2337&CountryID=102
Batrachyla leptopus Gray Wood Frog
Comments: Poblaciones muy abundantes. Potencial educativo por ser diurna, responder a estímulos, bonita y colorida.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3106&SpeciesID=2339&CountryID=102
Batrachyla leptopus Gray Wood Frog
Comments: Poblaciones muy abundantes. Potencial educativo por ser diurna, responder a estímulos, bonita y colorida.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3106&SpeciesID=2339&CountryID=102
Calyptocephalella gayi Chilean Toad, Gay’s Frog
Comments: No se conocen todas las condiciones para la reproducción en cautiverio, no se sabe la mcausa de mortalidad post-metamorfosis Problema taxonomico (Caudiverbera o calyptocephalella). Amenazas se controlan fiscalizando. Importancia socioeconómica por venta para alimentación. Exportación ilegal. Rana grande y llamativa, uso educativo
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3473&SpeciesID=4785&CountryID=102
Eupsophus insularis Mocha Island Ground Frog
Comments: Existen dos grupos de Eupsophus según reproducción y no está claro a cual de los dos pertenece esta especie. Trabajar con un análogo primero para adquirir experiencia En peligro y “rara” por la legislación chilena. Endémico de la isla Mocha. Amenazas nuevas como turismo y desarrollo de la Isla.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3060&SpeciesID=2065&CountryID=102
Eupsophus nahuelbutensis Nahuelbuta Ground Frog
Comments: En peligro y “rara” por la ley chilena. Actualmente hay un programa educativo con esta especie (Proyecto explora)
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3062&SpeciesID=2067&CountryID=102
Eupsophus nahuelbutensis Nahuelbuta Ground Frog
Comments: En peligro y “rara” por la ley chilena. Actualmente hay un programa educativo con esta especie (Proyecto explora)
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3062&SpeciesID=2067&CountryID=102
Eupsophus roseus Rosy Ground Frog
Comments: Investigación para ciclo de vida y reproducción Potencial educativo por ser análogo, para demostrar ciclos
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3064&SpeciesID=2069&CountryID=102
Eupsophus roseus Rosy Ground Frog
Comments: Investigación para ciclo de vida y reproducción Potencial educativo por ser análogo, para demostrar ciclos
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3064&SpeciesID=2069&CountryID=102
Rhinella rubropunctata Red-spotted Toad
Comments: Se requiere investigación ex situ después de lograr conocimientos con r spinulosa para reproducirla masivamente para poder reintroducirla. Poblaciones fragmentadas. En Argentina está muy bien representada. José Nuñez lo encontró cerca de Chaitén. Proyecto hidroeléctrico que inundaría 2500 hectareas y dentro de ellas estaría la zona de distribución de la sp. Ortiz y Veloso fueron 10 veces desde 1978 y encontraron 5 ejemplares en total. Hay experiencia de cria en cautiverio hasta la metamorfosis.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3463&SpeciesID=4749&CountryID=102
Rhinella spinulosa
Comments: Zona norte especie coexiste con el hombre (cultivos), actividad minera, construcción de represas y agricultura podría ser amenaza. Pueblos originarios Aymaras la reconocen como mágica (En Perú se usa como medicina, uso potencial en Chile). Cría en cautiverio en U de Chile, estudios de biología larval. Puede ser análogo de cría de Rhinella rubropunctatus. Potencial educativo en escuelas locales en el norte, para describir ciclo reproductivo, para describir metamorfosis.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3469&SpeciesID=4756&CountryID=102
Rhinella spinulosa
Comments: Zona norte especie coexiste con el hombre (cultivos), actividad minera, construcción de represas y agricultura podría ser amenaza. Pueblos originarios Aymaras la reconocen como mágica (En Perú se usa como medicina, uso potencial en Chile). Cría en cautiverio en U de Chile, estudios de biología larval. Puede ser análogo de cría de Rhinella rubropunctatus. Potencial educativo en escuelas locales en el norte, para describir ciclo reproductivo, para describir metamorfosis.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3469&SpeciesID=4756&CountryID=102
Rhinoderma darwinii Darwin’s Frog
Comments: En comportamiento, la manera de almacenar huevos en el saco vocal (inhibición de enzimas, etc) VIII a IX “en peligro” y de la X a XI “insuficientemente conocida” por la ley chilena. La distribución va restringiéndose a poblaciones aisladas y las poblaciones existentes han disminuído en los últimos dos años. Debiera ser clasificada como “En peligro” por la disminución de las poblaciones y la desaparición de algunas poblaciones (Observaciones de Claudio Soto). Según Marco Méndez, la información no ha cambiado a lo largo de los años. Según IUCN debiera ser vulnerable (JC Ortiz). En el norte de la distribución las amenazas no son reversibles. se ha ecnontrado evidencia de infección a chytrid (Andrés Charrier). Se requiere mayor investigación In Situ.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3243&SpeciesID=3338&CountryID=102
Rhinoderma darwinii Darwin’s Frog
Comments: En comportamiento, la manera de almacenar huevos en el saco vocal (inhibición de enzimas, etc) VIII a IX “en peligro” y de la X a XI “insuficientemente conocida” por la ley chilena. La distribución va restringiéndose a poblaciones aisladas y las poblaciones existentes han disminuído en los últimos dos años. Debiera ser clasificada como “En peligro” por la disminución de las poblaciones y la desaparición de algunas poblaciones (Observaciones de Claudio Soto). Según Marco Méndez, la información no ha cambiado a lo largo de los años. Según IUCN debiera ser vulnerable (JC Ortiz). En el norte de la distribución las amenazas no son reversibles. se ha ecnontrado evidencia de infección a chytrid (Andrés Charrier). Se requiere mayor investigación In Situ.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3243&SpeciesID=3338&CountryID=102
Telmatobius dankoi
Comments: Formas describió la especie, él debe decir si es abundante en la localidad. La acción que debe tomarse en ésta y las especies con un solo lugar de distribución es la protección de hábitat. Potencial educativo y análogo para especie de baja altura (menos de 2000 mts)
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3591&SpeciesID=5444&CountryID=102
Telmatobius dankoi
Comments: Formas describió la especie, él debe decir si es abundante en la localidad. La acción que debe tomarse en ésta y las especies con un solo lugar de distribución es la protección de hábitat. Potencial educativo y análogo para especie de baja altura (menos de 2000 mts)
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3591&SpeciesID=5444&CountryID=102
Telmatobius marmoratus Marbled Water Frog
Comments: Investigación para ciclo de vida y reproducción Especie análoga para los telmatobius. El esfuerzo de muestreo es mayor ahora que antes. Tiene un tamaño de eritrocitos muy pequeño. Ya que va a ser usado como análogo sirve para educación sobre telmatobius.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3606&SpeciesID=5462&CountryID=102
Telmatobius marmoratus Marbled Water Frog
Comments: Investigación para ciclo de vida y reproducción Especie análoga para los telmatobius. El esfuerzo de muestreo es mayor ahora que antes. Tiene un tamaño de eritrocitos muy pequeño. Ya que va a ser usado como análogo sirve para educación sobre telmatobius.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3606&SpeciesID=5462&CountryID=102
Telmatobufo australis
Comments: Para estudiar ciclo de vida, reproducción, termorregulación. Vulnerable para la ley chilena, endémico. Potencial educativo para mostrar biología del género.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3474&SpeciesID=4786&CountryID=102
Telmatobufo australis
Comments: Para estudiar ciclo de vida, reproducción, termorregulación. Vulnerable para la ley chilena, endémico. Potencial educativo para mostrar biología del género.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3474&SpeciesID=4786&CountryID=102
Telmatobufo bullocki
Comments: La especie es poco conocida y muy amenazada, se debe criar en cautiverio para conocer más la especie (ecología de adultos y larvas) y el género. Se debe comenzar con especie análoga En 20 años de investigación se han encontrado uno o dos individuos por expedición. Se han encontrado individuos fuera del parque nacional y son protegidos por las forestales. Es la única especie de baja altitud con un gran renacuajo. Pregunta 16 UNKNOWN. Hay hallazgos de la especie fuera de arauco (no publicado
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3475&SpeciesID=4787&CountryID=102
Telmatobufo venustus
Comments: Está en Vilches, zona protegida (Reserva nacional Altos de Lircay). Potencial educativo por ser extremadamente colorida.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3476&SpeciesID=4788&CountryID=102
Telmatobufo venustus
Comments: Está en Vilches, zona protegida (Reserva nacional Altos de Lircay). Potencial educativo por ser extremadamente colorida.
Assessed: 4 Dec 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3476&SpeciesID=4788&CountryID=102
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Eleutherodactylus acmonis Cuban Red-rumped Frog
Comments: Little is known of the reproductive biology of the species and this should be researched. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Occurs in an effectively protected area (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Logging and farming still continue to be a threat to the species (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Economically significant because the local people take tourists to the area to show them this species (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Is fairly abundant and widespread (A. R. Estrada, pers. comm. March 2011). Distribution is very restricted but perhaps due to poor taxonomic resolution (A. Estrada, pers comm.). Would be a good analog for E. casparii and other ground-dwelling Eleutherodactylus species. Useful species for conservation education purposes.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=613&SpeciesID=3700&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus acmonis Cuban Red-rumped Frog
Comments: Little is known of the reproductive biology of the species and this should be researched. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Occurs in an effectively protected area (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Logging and farming still continue to be a threat to the species (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Economically significant because the local people take tourists to the area to show them this species (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Is fairly abundant and widespread (A. R. Estrada, pers. comm. March 2011). Distribution is very restricted but perhaps due to poor taxonomic resolution (A. Estrada, pers comm.). Would be a good analog for E. casparii and other ground-dwelling Eleutherodactylus species. Useful species for conservation education purposes.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=613&SpeciesID=3700&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus adelus Dwarf Grass Frog
Comments: Little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species and this should be researched. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. The species is only known from pine forests and these are under increasing threat from fires (natural events that can become more frequent due to human effects) and selective logging (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Although the species occurs close to protected areas, the pine forests themselves are not effectively protected but it is unknown if logging of the pine forests actually affects the species (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=614&SpeciesID=3701&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus albipes Turquino White-footed Frog
Comments: Requires research into sensitivity to chytrid, natural history and reproductive biology (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Occurs in a very specific habitat at high altitude (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). The species occurs in protected areas and these are effectively managed (A. Rodríguez, L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). The trail on Turquino Peak is used a lot by tourists and this is leading to increasing amounts of rubbish being left behind. There are no resources to remove the rubbish (L. Díaz, pers. comm.). At this stage, we do not know if this affects the species (A. R. Estrada, pers. comm. March 2011). Is also one of the highest altitude living frogs in Cuba.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=615&SpeciesID=3702&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus auriculatus Cuban Telegraph Frog
Comments: Is a good analog species for E. bartonsmithi. Is a good species for conservation education. People hear them in the forests and think they are cicadas (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). The species is actually a complex of four cryptic species three of them considered new species not yet described (Rodríguez, A., M. Vences, B. Nevado, A. Machordom y E. Verheyen. 2010. Biogeographic origin and radiation of Cuban Eleutherodactylus of the auriculatus species group, inferred from mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54: 179–186).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=634&SpeciesID=3716&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus bartonsmithi Boca De Yumuri Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Habitat has probably not changed over the last 50 years. The biggest impact on this species is a paved road that was put through the area (A. R. Estrada, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=636&SpeciesID=3719&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus bresslerae Maisi Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=638&SpeciesID=3722&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus casparii Trinidad Flathead Frog
Comments: Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Unsure of the impact of increased tourism in the forest on this species. It is a ground-dwelling species (A. R. Estrada, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=642&SpeciesID=3726&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus cubanus Turquino Red-armed Frog
Comments: Requires immediate research into susceptibility to chytrid (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. This is one of the smallest frogs in the world and it has a clutch size of 1. Is a good candidate for conservation education programs.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=651&SpeciesID=3734&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus cuneatus Oriente Stream Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for other stream-dwelling species such as E. turquinensis. Is a good candidate for conservation education programs – calls like a cat, responds to its call being imitated.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=653&SpeciesID=3736&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus dimidiatus Cuban Long-legged Frog
Comments: Could be a husbandry analog for E. emiliae or E. maestrensis. Reassessed as Least Concern during 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Is an attractive species.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=658&SpeciesID=3741&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus eileenae Cuab Colín Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. leberi. Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. It is one of the few species in Cuba that has a common name, which refers to its call. Populations on Guanahacabibes Peninsula and Sierra de los Organos seem to be distinct from the others on the rest of the island. (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=662&SpeciesID=3745&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus etheridgei Oriente Coastal Frog
Comments: Reassessed as Vulnerable during 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. This is a coastal-dwelling species, and future development may impact this species, even though it can exist with human settlement (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). It occurs in very dry and hot areas and it spends the day in rocks and limestone.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=664&SpeciesID=3748&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus guantanamera Guantanamera Frog
Comments: Could be a husbandry analog for E. melacara. Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Species limits between this species and E. ionthus remain elusive (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=686&SpeciesID=3768&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus intermedius Oriente Dark-bellied Frog
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for E. maestrensis. Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Commonly heard in forests, and population size is considered to be quite high. There is no evidence of decrease in population numbers (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Occurs in a number of large protected areas. It is a forest-restricted species, and there are risks from logging (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Could be used as a husbandry ananalog for E. albipes and E. tetajulia.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=697&SpeciesID=3777&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus jaumei Orange Long-nosed Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Is one of the few species that lays only one egg (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=701&SpeciesID=3782&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus leberi Oriente Yellow-bellied Frog
Comments: This is an arboreal species, but not a lot is known about its reproductive behaviour. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Lives in partly disturbed habitat, but it is unsure if this species is affected by disturbance (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). This species is recognised as a frog (rather than an insect) by the local farmers, and they show some empathy towards it, therefore there is a possibility for conservation education programs (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=711&SpeciesID=3790&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus limbatus Yellow-striped Dwarf Frog
Comments: This species could be used as a husbandry analog for many other Eleutherodactylus species of the limbatus group. Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Occurs in forests and has a wide distribution. Is mentioned in eco-tourism activities as the smallest frog in the world, even though this is not correct (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=715&SpeciesID=3794&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus maestrensis Sierra Maestra Long-legged Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Is known from 4 or 5 localities in a mountain range. Area of occupation estimated to be 24 sq km (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). No evidence of decrease in habitat. Phylogeny still requires further research.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=721&SpeciesID=3800&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus mariposa Cuban Butterfly Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Some of the population occurs in a non-legally protected area, but this area is not effectively managed and other areas where the species exists are not protected (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Has a very charismatic call (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=722&SpeciesID=3801&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus melacara Dark-faced Bromeliad Frog
Comments: Would be a good species to discover information about tolerance to changes in temperature (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Is used for education purposes by local eco-tourism guides (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=725&SpeciesID=3805&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus michaelschmidi Sierra Maestra Blotched Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. The species occurs close to a protected area (L. Díaz pers. comm. March 2011), and has recently been found inside the protected area (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=727&SpeciesID=3807&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus planirostris Greenhouse Frog, Cuban Flathead Frog
Comments: Is a good husbandry analog for other ground-dwelling Eleutherodactylus species. Occurs in widespread habitats. It is an invasive species. This is a good example of a direct-developing frog and would be good for conservation education programs in schools (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Is currently held in captivity. Its taxonomic status is uncertain and several cryptic taxa can hinder under its name (Heinicke, M. P., L. M. Diaz y S. B. Hedges. 2011. Origin of invasive Florida frogs traced to Cuba. Biology Letters 7: published online 26 January 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=753&SpeciesID=3834&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus ricordii Oriente Yellow-mottled Frog
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for other ground-dwelling species e.g. E. acmonis. Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. This species is a forest specialist and there are still good populations of the species (L. Díaz, A. R. Estrada, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=762&SpeciesID=3841&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus riparius Cuban Stream Frog
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for E. turquinensis and E. rivularis.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=763&SpeciesID=3842&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus rivularis Short-legged Stream Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=764&SpeciesID=3843&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus ronaldi Cuban Khaki Frog
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for E. mariposa. Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. The species occurs in an area where locally could be subject to logging. It is tolerant to disturbance and seems to prefer forest clearings but the level of tolerance is not known (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=765&SpeciesID=3845&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus symingtoni Symington’s Robber Frog, Western Spiny Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biolog of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Reassessed as Endangered during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Most of the known locations for this species are in protected areas, however, the possible distribution of the species includes a great deal of unprotected area (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=780&SpeciesID=3859&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus tetajulia Breasts-of-Julie Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Although the species mostly occurs in protected areas, mining activities could threaten this region in the near future (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=782&SpeciesID=5680&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus thomasi Cuban Cave Frog
Comments: Could be a husbandry analog for E. pinarensis and E. pezopetrus. Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. The species occurs mostly in protected areas (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Localy there is mining in the area of distribution, and the species exists in caves that are also being degraded (A. Rodríguez, L. Díaz pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=783&SpeciesID=5681&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus turquinensis Turquino Stream Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and reproductive biology of the species. Research into susceptibility to Bd is required (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as f The name of this species is likely to change during 2011 (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. The main threat to this species is from tourists contaminating the water. There is potential to educate tourists in the area about protecting amphibians and not polluting the streams (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Due to its aquatic habits this is one of the potential species to be affected by chytrid fungus (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=787&SpeciesID=5685&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus varians Cuban Bromeliad Frog
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for E. guantanamera and E. melacara. Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Is a bromeliad dweller and is sensitive to habitat destruction and requires bromeliads. Is known to re-populate areas where bromeliads have been re-established (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Could be used for education programs due to its very loud and distinctive call.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=790&SpeciesID=5688&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus varleyi Cuban Grass Frog
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for E. adelus. This species will soon be split into two different species (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Is a widespread and fairly common species, which tolerates human disturbance. Could be used for conservation education as it sounds like a cricket. Additional phylogenetic research is required.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=791&SpeciesID=5689&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus zeus Cuban Giant Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and biology of the species and it requires additional research. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Is the largest Eleutherodactylus species. The distress call of this species sounds like a baby crying and the advertisement call is is a low-pitched, harmonic structured single signal. Reassessed as Near Threatened during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Tourist activity is the main threat to this species, but it also occurs in areas that tourists do not visit (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Is important for use by eco-tourism guides to talk about cave-dwelling animals (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=800&SpeciesID=5697&CountryID=65
Eleutherodactylus zeus Cuban Giant Frog
Comments: Very little is known of the natural history and biology of the species and it requires additional research. It would be better to research some aspects of the biology of this species ex situ, as field trips in Cuba are always expensive. Is the largest Eleutherodactylus species. The distress call of this species sounds like a baby crying and the advertisement call is is a low-pitched, harmonic structured single signal. Reassessed as Near Threatened during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Tourist activity is the main threat to this species, but it also occurs in areas that tourists do not visit (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Is important for use by eco-tourism guides to talk about cave-dwelling animals (A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=800&SpeciesID=5697&CountryID=65
Osteopilus septentrionalis Cuban Treefrog, Giant Tree-frog
Comments: Could be a good husbandry analog for O. dominicensis. Useful for conservation education programs about exotic and invasive species. Cuban people do not like this species, and there are opportunities for education programs to try change this opinion. Could also be used to educate about invasive species and the damage they cause (L. Díaz, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1886&SpeciesID=1561&CountryID=65
Peltophryne cataulaciceps Cuban Pineland Toad
Comments: Requires research into ecologically limiting factors (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). The population on the main island is relatively unknown compared to the population on Isla de la Juventud. Good educational potential due to very fast development of tadpoles (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Phylogenetic studies are ongoing but not yet published (Alonso, R., A. J. Crawford & E. Bermingham (submitted). Molecular phylogeny of an endemic radiation of Cuban toads (Bufonidae: Peltophryne) based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Journal of Biogeography).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1923&SpeciesID=4635&CountryID=65
Peltophryne florentinoi Zapata Toad
Comments: Research into natural history is required as this species is quite different to other Cuban toads. Need to understand the way tadpoles survive in very small breeding areas (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Reassessed as Vulnerable during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. This species was recently described and the immediate threats are not known (A. R. Estrada, A. Rodríguez pers. comm. March 2011). Useful for conservation education because of the unique breeding biology (L. Díaz, pers. comm. March 2011). Phylogenetic studies are ongoing but not yet published (Alonso, R., A. J. Crawford & E. Bermingham (submitted). Molecular phylogeny of an endemic radiation of Cuban toads (Bufonidae: Peltophryne) based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Journal of Biogeography). ( pers. comm. March 2011) ( pers. comm. March 2011)
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1925&SpeciesID=4637&CountryID=65
Peltophryne gundlachi Cuban High-crested Toad, Gundlach’s Caribbean Toad
Comments: Reassessed as Least Concern during the 2010 Cuban Red List assessment. Good husbandry analog for P. cataulaciceps. Phylogenetic studies are ongoing but not yet published (Alonso, R., A. J. Crawford & E. Bermingham (submitted). Molecular phylogeny of an endemic radiation of Cuban toads (Bufonidae: Peltophryne) based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Journal of Biogeography).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1930&SpeciesID=4642&CountryID=65
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Eleutherodactylus abbotti
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for semi arboreal and arboreal species, e.g. E. notidodes. Habitat for potential reintroduction exists, but is currently saturated with this species. (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Significant to the local community because of its unique call.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=612&SpeciesID=3699&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus alcoae Hispaniola Dwarf Robber Frog, Barahona Rock Frog
Comments: Is a husbandry analog for E. counouspeus. Potential future risk from grazing, even within the protected area (M. Landestoy, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=616&SpeciesID=3703&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus audanti South Island Telegraph Frog
Comments: Husbandry analogue for other semi-arboreal spp – e.g. E. notidodes and E. melatrigonum. Population not seriously fragmented in DR and is locally common – relies on forest with good cover. Exists in protected areas in both DR and Haiti. Confirm ex situ status and phylogeny with B. Hedges.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=630&SpeciesID=3714&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus auriculatoides
Comments: Conservation of this species would be benefitted by thorough understanding of species natural history and reproductive biology. Common in suitable habitat but population is severely fragmented. Recorded in 2011 (L. Diaz and M. Rodriguez pers. comm.). Educational value for its distinctive and melodic call. Phylogenetic work has been done but may require further work.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=633&SpeciesID=3715&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus auriculatoides
Comments: Conservation of this species would be benefitted by thorough understanding of species natural history and reproductive biology. Common in suitable habitat but population is severely fragmented. Recorded in 2011 (L. Diaz and M. Rodriguez pers. comm.). Educational value for its distinctive and melodic call. Phylogenetic work has been done but may require further work.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=633&SpeciesID=3715&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus bothroboans Jarabacoa Burrowing Frog
Comments: We don’t know the breeding requirements of this species (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Not in protected area at all (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). The distribution of this species is within an important eco-tourism area – very suitable for education about protecting the species and habitat (M. Landestoy, M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Phylogenetic work is still required.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=637&SpeciesID=3721&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus coqui Common Coqui, Puerto Rican Coqui
Comments: Is a good husbandry analog for other direct-developing species. Has a two note of calls, one used for males and the other for females. There are differences in the sexes of sensitivities to sound (A. Estrada, R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=648&SpeciesID=3731&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus fowleri Fowler’s Robber Frog, Khaki Bromeliad Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. lamprotes. Logging for charcoal and agriculture and the main threats (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=667&SpeciesID=3751&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus furcyensis Furcy Robber Frog, La Selle Red-legged Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. rufifemoralis. Known from a single locality in the Dominican Republic, but more widely distributed in Haiti (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Mostly outside of protected areas.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=670&SpeciesID=3752&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus hypostenor Baoruco Burrowing Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology is not known (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=693&SpeciesID=3774&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus hypostenor Baoruco Burrowing Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology is not known (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=693&SpeciesID=3774&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus inoptatus
Comments: Analog for E. chlorophenax. Very common species.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=696&SpeciesID=3776&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus leoncei Hispaniola Robber Frog, Southern Pastel Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. darlingtoni. Severely fragmented populations (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Good for education – colorful, species adapted to unique to high altitude habitats.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=712&SpeciesID=3792&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus nortoni Norton’s Robber Frog, Spiny Giant Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology is unknown Not known from protected areas (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=733&SpeciesID=3814&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus pictissimus Hispaniolan Yellow-mottled Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. rhodesi and E. warreni.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=749&SpeciesID=3829&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus ruthae Eastern Burrowing Frog
Comments: Research into reproductive biology is required (J. Timyan, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=770&SpeciesID=3850&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus ruthae Eastern Burrowing Frog
Comments: Research into reproductive biology is required (J. Timyan, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=770&SpeciesID=3850&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus weinlandi Hispaniolan Red-rumped Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. warreni and E. rhodesi. Common species but less than 50% of population is in protected habitats (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=796&SpeciesID=5694&CountryID=68
Eleutherodactylus wetmorei Tiburon Whistling Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. sommeri and E. diplasius. Thrives in degraded habitats (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=797&SpeciesID=5695&CountryID=68
Peltophryne guentheri Gunther’s Caribbean Toad, Southern Crested Toad
Comments: Less than 50% of population in protected areas (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1928&SpeciesID=4641&CountryID=68
Peltophryne guentheri Gunther’s Caribbean Toad, Southern Crested Toad
Comments: Less than 50% of population in protected areas (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1928&SpeciesID=4641&CountryID=68
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Atelopus nanay
Comments: Mantenidos en el Centro de Conservación de Anfibios Amaru (2009-2012). Esta especie ha sido utilizada como parte de medicina tradicional. Puede ser utilizada como una especie análoga para Atelopus ignescens.
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3154&SpeciesID=2570&CountryID=104
Atelopus palmatus
Comments: Podría ser considerada análoga para especies del género ubicadas en las estribaciones de los Andes. Se mantienen algunos individuos en la Balsa de los Sapos (2010-2012).
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3161&SpeciesID=2578&CountryID=104
Atelopus spumarius Pebas Stubfoot Toad
Comments: Esta especie podría se analoga para otras especies como Atelopus sp. de Limon u otras especies de zonas bajas de la costa (por ejemplo, Atelopus elegans). Se decide cambiar el estado de conservación a Vulnerable.
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3178&SpeciesID=2601&CountryID=104
Chimerella mariaelenae
Comments: Podría ser considerada como análoga para otras especies de centrolenidos. Mantenida en la Balsa de los Sapos (2011-2012).
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3497&SpeciesID=4828&CountryID=104
Gastrotheca riobambae Riobamba Marsupial Frog, Riobamba Pouched Frog
Comments: Al ser una rana que habita en la ciudad de Quito tiene potencial educativo para la crisis de los anfibios en Ecuador. El conocimiento sobre su reproducción puede ser análoga para la mayoría de especies del género. Se mantiene una colonia de esta especie en diferentes centros de manejo en la ciudad de Quito.
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3700&SpeciesID=5762&CountryID=104
Hyloscirtus pantostictus
Comments: Mantenidos en la Balsa de los Sapos (2010-2012). Por su tamaño y coloración son atractivos para exhibición.
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3785&SpeciesID=6072&CountryID=104
Hyloxalus pulchellus Espada’s Rocket Frog
Comments: Podría ser una especie análoga para Hyloxalus delatorreae. Mantenidos y metamorfoseados en la Balsa de los Sapos (2005 y 2008).
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3283&SpeciesID=3460&CountryID=104
Osornophryne guacamayo Guacamayo Plump Toad
Comments: Esta especie es mantenida en laboratorio en la Balsa de los Sapos (PUCE – 2012) y podría ser utilizada para desarrollar protocolos de manejo y reproducción para otras especies del mismo género.
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3422&SpeciesID=4611&CountryID=104
Osornophryne simpsoni
Comments: Podría ser utilizada como análoga para desarrollar protocolos de manejo para Osornophryne talipes. Mantenidos en la Balsa de los Sapos (PUCE – 2011).
Assessed: 11 Jun 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3425&SpeciesID=4615&CountryID=104
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Pristimantis euphronides
Comments: Requires research into the effects of low barametric pressure on breeding. The species occurs within protected areas, but these areas are protected due to topography, and not legally protected (C. Berg pers. comm. March 2011). The population is locally abundant in some privately protected areas (C. Berg pers. comm. March 2011). This is the only endemic frog species in Granada. Fertile eggs have been produced in captivity, but these did not hatch successfully (C. Berg pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2169&SpeciesID=579&CountryID=69
Pristimantis euphronides
Comments: Requires research into the effects of low barametric pressure on breeding. The species occurs within protected areas, but these areas are protected due to topography, and not legally protected (C. Berg pers. comm. March 2011). The population is locally abundant in some privately protected areas (C. Berg pers. comm. March 2011). This is the only endemic frog species in Granada. Fertile eggs have been produced in captivity, but these did not hatch successfully (C. Berg pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2169&SpeciesID=579&CountryID=69
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Bolitoglossa conanti Conant’s Mushroomtongue Salamander
Comments: Programa en Toledo, Ohio Zoo para crianza en cautiverio esta empezando (Ted Papenfuss).
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3640&SpeciesID=5622&CountryID=89
Bolitoglossa conanti Conant’s Mushroomtongue Salamander
Comments: Programa en Toledo, Ohio Zoo para crianza en cautiverio esta empezando (Ted Papenfuss).
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3640&SpeciesID=5622&CountryID=89
Bolitoglossa morio Cope’s Mushroomtongue Salamander
Comments:
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3666&SpeciesID=5662&CountryID=89
Bolitoglossa rostrata Long-nosed Salamander
Comments: Especie que ha cambiado su distribución altitudinal hacia arriba posiblemente por el cambio clímatico (Ted Papenfuss).
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2889&SpeciesID=884&CountryID=89
Bolitoglossa rufescens Common Dwarf Salamander, Rufescent Salamander, Northern Banana Salamander
Comments: Varias poblaciones se encuentran en la reserva de la biosfera Maya – RBM (Ted Papenfuss, Gustavo Ruano y Carlos Vásquez). Programa en Toledo, Ohio Zoo para crianza en cautiverio esta empezando (Ted Papenfuss).
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2890&SpeciesID=885&CountryID=89
Bolitoglossa rufescens Common Dwarf Salamander, Rufescent Salamander, Northern Banana Salamander
Comments: Varias poblaciones se encuentran en la reserva de la biosfera Maya – RBM (Ted Papenfuss, Gustavo Ruano y Carlos Vásquez). Programa en Toledo, Ohio Zoo para crianza en cautiverio esta empezando (Ted Papenfuss).
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2890&SpeciesID=885&CountryID=89
Craugastor chac
Comments: Pueden ser usados como modelo para reproducción en cautiverio para el resto de Craugastor y Eleutherodactylus.
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3574&SpeciesID=5069&CountryID=89
Craugastor loki
Comments: Pueden ser usados para reproducción en cautiverio para el resto de Craugastor y Eleutherodactylus. Aún hay problema con el nombre taxonóico ya que puede ser nombrado como “rhodopis”.
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2654&SpeciesID=300&CountryID=89
Cryptotriton veraepacis Baja Verapaz Salamander
Comments:
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2903&SpeciesID=925&CountryID=89
Plectrohyla guatemalensis Guatemala Spikethumb Frog
Comments: Podría ser utilizada como modelo para reproducción en cautiverio para otras especies de este género Jonathan Campbell).
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2979&SpeciesID=1639&CountryID=89
Plectrohyla matudai
Comments: Podría ser utilizada como modelo para reproducción en cautiverio para otras especies de este género (Jonathan Campbell).
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2982&SpeciesID=1645&CountryID=89
Pseudoeurycea rex Royal False Brook Salamander
Comments:
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2939&SpeciesID=1122&CountryID=89
Pseudoeurycea rex Royal False Brook Salamander
Comments:
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2939&SpeciesID=1122&CountryID=89
Smilisca baudinii Baudin’s Treefrog, Mexican Treefrog
Comments: Se encuentra principalmente en lugares perturbados, por lo que no necesita específicamente áreas protegidas como tal. Posee colores distinguibles y varibales y su llamado es muy carácterístico y puede ser reconocido por la mayoría de las personas que viven en el área. Es quizá la especie más comun de rana arborícola en Guatemala.
Assessed: 6 Feb 2010 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3018&SpeciesID=1802&CountryID=89
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Eleutherodactylus abbotti
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for semi arboreal and arboreal species, e.g. E. notidodes. Habitat for potential reintroduction exists, but is currently saturated with this species. (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Significant to the local community because of its unique call.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=611&SpeciesID=3699&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus alcoae Hispaniola Dwarf Robber Frog, Barahona Rock Frog
Comments: Is a husbandry analog for E. counouspeus. Potential future risk from grazing, even within the protected area (M. Landestoy, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=617&SpeciesID=3703&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus audanti South Island Telegraph Frog
Comments: Husbandry analogue for other semi-arboreal spp – e.g. E. notidodes and E. melatrigonum. Population not seriously fragmented in DR and is locally common – relies on forest with good cover. Exists in protected areas in both DR and Haiti. Confirm ex situ status and phylogeny with B. Hedges.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=631&SpeciesID=3714&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus auriculatoides
Comments: Conservation of this species would be benefitted by thorough understanding of species natural history and reproductive biology. Common in suitable habitat but population is severely fragmented. Recorded in 2011 (L. Diaz and M. Rodriguez pers. comm.). Educational value for its distinctive and melodic call. Phylogenetic work has been done but may require further work.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=632&SpeciesID=3715&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus auriculatoides
Comments: Conservation of this species would be benefitted by thorough understanding of species natural history and reproductive biology. Common in suitable habitat but population is severely fragmented. Recorded in 2011 (L. Diaz and M. Rodriguez pers. comm.). Educational value for its distinctive and melodic call. Phylogenetic work has been done but may require further work.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=632&SpeciesID=3715&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus brevirostris Short-nosed Green Frog, Shortsnout Robber Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. sciagraphus. Refer to B. Hedges for any further info and C. Martinez for info on breeding success in ex situ program. The suitable habitat for releases is currently occupied by this species – i.e. no additional unoccupied habitat.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=639&SpeciesID=3723&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus counouspeus
Comments: The population is severely fragmented and localities are probably too small to support strong populations (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Not seen since 1991. Very little is known about its natural history.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=650&SpeciesID=3733&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus eunaster Les Cayes Robber Frog
Comments: Research into natural history and reproduction is required (J. Timyan, pers. comm. March 2011). Logging is the major threat, and due to low numbers in the wild, this population is seriously threatened (M. Landestoy, pers. comm. March 2011). The species is in a managed area, theoretically, but in practice, the area is not protected at all (J. Timyan, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=665&SpeciesID=3749&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus fowleri Fowler’s Robber Frog, Khaki Bromeliad Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. lamprotes. Logging for charcoal and agriculture and the main threats (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=668&SpeciesID=3751&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus furcyensis Furcy Robber Frog, La Selle Red-legged Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. rufifemoralis. Known from a single locality in the Dominican Republic, but more widely distributed in Haiti (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Mostly outside of protected areas.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=669&SpeciesID=3752&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus hypostenor Baoruco Burrowing Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology is not known (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=694&SpeciesID=3774&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus hypostenor Baoruco Burrowing Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology is not known (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=694&SpeciesID=3774&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus inoptatus
Comments: Analog for E. chlorophenax. Very common species.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=695&SpeciesID=3776&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus leoncei Hispaniola Robber Frog, Southern Pastel Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. darlingtoni. Severely fragmented populations (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Good for education – colorful, species adapted to unique to high altitude habitats.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=713&SpeciesID=3792&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus nortoni Norton’s Robber Frog, Spiny Giant Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology is unknown Not known from protected areas (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=734&SpeciesID=3814&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus parapelates Casillon Robber Frog, Macaya Burrowing Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology is not known. Is a burrowing species (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=744&SpeciesID=3824&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus pictissimus Hispaniolan Yellow-mottled Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. rhodesi and E. warreni.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=750&SpeciesID=3829&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus warreni Warren’s Robber Frog, Tortue Frog
Comments: Not seen for many years (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=794&SpeciesID=5693&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus weinlandi Hispaniolan Red-rumped Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. warreni and E. rhodesi. Common species but less than 50% of population is in protected habitats (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=795&SpeciesID=5694&CountryID=71
Eleutherodactylus wetmorei Tiburon Whistling Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for E. sommeri and E. diplasius. Thrives in degraded habitats (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=798&SpeciesID=5695&CountryID=71
Peltophryne guentheri Gunther’s Caribbean Toad, Southern Crested Toad
Comments: Less than 50% of population in protected areas (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Analog for P. fracta.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1929&SpeciesID=4641&CountryID=71
Peltophryne guentheri Gunther’s Caribbean Toad, Southern Crested Toad
Comments: Less than 50% of population in protected areas (M. Rodriguez, pers. comm. March 2011). Analog for P. fracta.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1929&SpeciesID=4641&CountryID=71
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Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus
Comments: Breeding biology We have very little information of the distribution and population size in the wild
Assessed: 3 Jul 2016 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3973&SpeciesID=5371&CountryID=146
Rhacophorus pseudomalabaricus
Comments: Breeding biology We have very little information of the distribution and population size in the wild
Assessed: 3 Jul 2016 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3973&SpeciesID=5371&CountryID=146
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Eleutherodactylus cundalli Cundall’s Robber Frog, Jamaican Rock Frog
Comments: Possible husbandry analogue for E. cavernicola. Unique(?) reproductive strategy – egg deposition in caves, maternal protection of clutch and dorsal transportation of direct-developing young back to forest. Threats currently being managed but greatest threat is continued and accelerated bauxite mining and limestone quarrying. Exists within several protected areas including two large forest reserves. Unique maternal strategy – great educational value as ambassador for conservation of karstic limestone forest.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=652&SpeciesID=3735&CountryID=72
Eleutherodactylus gossei Jamaican Forest Frog
Comments: Ideal husbandry analogue for developing generic Eleutherodactylus husbandry. Widespread and common in disturbed and undisturbed habitat island-wide.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=678&SpeciesID=3760&CountryID=72
Eleutherodactylus luteolus Jamaican Masked Frog
Comments: Good husbandry analogue spp. for E. sisyphodemus. Severely fragmented population but locally common in more than one Cockpit Country location. Resistant to habitat disturbance. Bauxite mining threatens eastern third of distribution even within protected area. Spp. is currently reasonably protected but if further mining licenses are granted the species will need urgent review.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=720&SpeciesID=3799&CountryID=72
Eleutherodactylus pantoni Jamaican Yellow-bellied Frog
Comments: Good husbandry analogue for sister-species E. pentasyringos. Widespread and common in disturbed and undisturbed habitat across western and central Jamaica. Not considered to be under significant threat. Probably more than half of population exists outside protected areas.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=740&SpeciesID=3821&CountryID=72
Osteopilus ocellatus Jamaican Laughing Frog
Comments: Husbandry analogue for O. crucialis. Widespread throughout majority of the northern half of the island, east to west. Tolerates significant habitat disturbance. Good educational species owing to maternal care and alternative life history.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1883&SpeciesID=1559&CountryID=72
Osteopilus wilderi Green Bromeliad Frog, Jamaican Green Treefrog
Comments: Husbandry analogue for O. marianae. Plenty of habitat but species not predominantly in protected areas. Dependent on bromeliads. Potentially of educational value owing to bromeliad-dwelling life history and colourful appearance.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1890&SpeciesID=1563&CountryID=72
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Odorrana chloronota Chloronate Huia Frog, Copper-cheeked Frog
Comments: This group needs taxonomic work; this might not be a good species (Annemarie Ohler, Jodi Rowley). This species calls ultrasonically (Jiang Jianping). Would be a good analog for other Odorrana species (Thomas Ziegler).
Assessed: 30 Mar 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1800&SpeciesID=3131&CountryID=134
Quasipaa verrucospinosa
Comments: This could be a husbandry analog for other Quasipaa and Nanorana (Thomas Ziegler). It occurs in protected areas, but it is targeted by local people for food and is not effectively protected (Nguyen Quang Truong, Jodi Rowley). There is a phylogenetic study, but it is not sufficient. This species belongs to a group of species that are often confused and misidentified.
Assessed: 30 Mar 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2292&SpeciesID=3662&CountryID=134
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Aglyptodactylus madagascariensis Madagascar Jumping Frog
Comments: other Aglyptodactylus spp. yet to be described known from only one or two sites.
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=14&SpeciesID=4156&CountryID=7
Aglyptodactylus securifer
Comments: Possibly A. laticeps
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=15&SpeciesID=4157&CountryID=7
Anodonthyla boulengerii Boulenger’s Climbing Frog
Comments: Possible analog for other similar species with more restricted distributions, if needed – A. rouxae, A. montana, etc.
Assessed: 26 Apr 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3875&SpeciesID=6341&CountryID=7
Anodonthyla pollicaris
Comments: This or other Anodonthyla species could be used as surrogates for A. vallani, which has been assessed as CR by the IUCN Red List.
Assessed: 9 Apr 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3855&SpeciesID=6347&CountryID=7
Anodonthyla sp. aff. boulengeri [Ca HM364558]
Comments: Species with similar ecological requirements to all the other species of the same Genus. However, no information is available about the species husbandry and captive breeding. endemic to Betampona
Assessed: 15 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=126&SpeciesID=6349&CountryID=7
Anodonthyla sp. aff. boulengeri [Ca JX101750]
Comments: Species with similar ecological requirements to all the other species of the same Genus. endemic to Ivoloina
Assessed: 15 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=127&SpeciesID=6350&CountryID=7
Blommersia blommersae Moramanga Madagascar Frog
Comments: Blommersia angolafa
Assessed: 7 Jun 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=208&SpeciesID=4158&CountryID=7
Blommersia domerguei Domergue’s Madagascar Frog
Comments: Blommersia angolafa
Assessed: 7 Jun 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=209&SpeciesID=4159&CountryID=7
Blommersia kely
Comments: Try to develop ex situ an active strategy for Blommersia reproduction is still required. Developping this know-how can potentially benefit all 9 Blommersia species (but one, Blommersia angolafa), which has a completely different reproductive strategy.
Assessed: 24 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=211&SpeciesID=4161&CountryID=7
Blommersia kely
Comments: Try to develop ex situ an active strategy for Blommersia reproduction is still required. Developping this know-how can potentially benefit all 9 Blommersia species (but one, Blommersia angolafa), which has a completely different reproductive strategy.
Assessed: 24 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=211&SpeciesID=4161&CountryID=7
Blommersia sp. aff. blommersae [Ca JX101724]
Comments: Species with similar ecological requirements to all the other species of the same Genus. endemic to Ivoloina
Assessed: 15 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=215&SpeciesID=4163&CountryID=7
Blommersia wittei Witte’s Madagascar Frog
Comments: it is quiet abundant in the wild and has a generalized habits for Blommerisa species, so developing know-how on this species can serve for almost all eth other species of teh Blommerisa genus (except one).
Assessed: 24 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=219&SpeciesID=4166&CountryID=7
Boophis ankarafensis
Comments: Although, this species should not be used as a surrogate species due to its highly threatened status.
Assessed: 28 Apr 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3880&SpeciesID=6625&CountryID=7
Boophis boehmei Böhme’s Bright-eyed Frog
Comments: Possible analog for other similar species with more restricted distributions, if needed – B. rufioculis, B. cf. boehmei from Sahafina, B. quasiboehmei, etc.
Assessed: 5 Apr 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3853&SpeciesID=4176&CountryID=7
Boophis bottae
Comments: Boophis ankarafensis – probably best analogue for this CR species Assessed by Carl Hutter and Devin Edmonds
Assessed: 13 Nov 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=269&SpeciesID=4177&CountryID=7
Boophis erythrodactylus Forest Bright-eyed Frog
Comments: Useful as an analog for other species in the B. rappiodes group, for example B. ankarafensis, which has a recommended red list status of CR.
Assessed: 9 Apr 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3854&SpeciesID=4183&CountryID=7
Boophis luteus Ankafana Bright-eyed Frog
Comments: Potential analog for similar species, e.g., B. elenae, B. sandrae, B. andreonei, etc.
Assessed: 3 Nov 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=289&SpeciesID=4195&CountryID=7
Boophis madagascariensis Madagascar Bright-eyed Frog
Comments: Boophis axelmeyeri, B. burgeri, B. roseipalmatus
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=290&SpeciesID=4196&CountryID=7
Boophis marojezensis
Comments: This species is representative for numerous candidate species of the B. marojezensis group which all have similar tadpole orphologies and breed in fast-flowing streams. However, other (undescribed) canddate species of the same complex from other areas are easier to find and observe and would be more suitable proxies.
Assessed: 29 Oct 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=294&SpeciesID=4199&CountryID=7
Boophis miniatus Tiny Bright-eyed Frog
Comments: This is a stream breeding rainforest tree frog, sharing habits and similar modes of reproduction with many other species of the Genus.
Assessed: 9 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3893&SpeciesID=4201&CountryID=7
Boophis occidentalis
Comments: A good possible analogue for Boophis tsilomaro (CR)
Assessed: 15 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=297&SpeciesID=4202&CountryID=7
Boophis pyrrhus
Comments: May be or possibly Boophis feonyala, B.haematopus, B.blommerasae and maybe B.majori group
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=302&SpeciesID=4207&CountryID=7
Boophis quasiboehmei
Comments: Possible analog for some similar species, e.g., B. boehmei, B. rufioculis, B. popi
Assessed: 6 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3912&SpeciesID=6638&CountryID=7
Boophis rappiodes Central Bright-eyed Frog
Comments: Possible analogue for Boophis ankarafensis (CR) or others in B. rappiodes group that are threatened.
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=303&SpeciesID=4208&CountryID=7
Boophis rhodoscelis Betsileo Bright-eyed Frog
Comments: Could be used as analogue for Boophis andrangoloaka (VU) or B. piperatus (DD)
Assessed: 15 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=305&SpeciesID=4210&CountryID=7
Boophis septentrionalis
Comments: It will fundamental to develop the knowledge on the reproducibility of the breeding requirments of this species. In the past was considered to be a subspecies of B. luteus
Assessed: 24 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=309&SpeciesID=4214&CountryID=7
Boophis septentrionalis
Comments: It will fundamental to develop the knowledge on the reproducibility of the breeding requirments of this species. In the past was considered to be a subspecies of B. luteus
Assessed: 24 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=309&SpeciesID=4214&CountryID=7
Boophis sp. aff. marojezensis [Ca HM364579]
Comments: It could be to species with similar ecological requirements to all the other species of the same tree frog Sub-Genus. However, no information is available about the species husbandry and captive breeding. endemic to Betampona
Assessed: 15 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=313&SpeciesID=4217&CountryID=7
Boophis sp. rappiodes “Ivoloina”
Comments: Species with similar ecological requirements to all the other species of the same treefrog group: Boophis rappiodes-group endemic to Ivoloina but taxonomical status yet to be clarified
Assessed: 15 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=318&SpeciesID=4220&CountryID=7
Boophis tasymena
Comments: Possible analog for other similar species of B. rappiodes group
Assessed: 3 Nov 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3914&SpeciesID=4222&CountryID=7
Cophyla berara
Comments: Yes in terms of biology and ecological requirements, since it shares a lot of attributes with many other species of the same Genus. However, due to its conservation statues, it is thus not recommended as surrogate species.
Assessed: 28 Apr 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3882&SpeciesID=6486&CountryID=7
Cophyla phyllodactyla Whistling Treefrog
Comments: This is an abundant species that can be perfect for developing husbandry skills on the reproductive needs of the genus. Records of C. phyllodactyla from Montagne d’Ambre refer to two recently described species of Cophyla: C. noromalalae and C. maharipeo
Assessed: 3 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=432&SpeciesID=6488&CountryID=7
Dyscophus guineti Sambava Tomato Frog
Comments: Dyscophus antongilii, although husbandry fairly well understood already
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=600&SpeciesID=6504&CountryID=7
Gephyromantis asper East Betsileo Madagascar Frog
Comments: Threatened species in subgenus Duboimantis such as G. spiniferus or G. ambohitra.
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=881&SpeciesID=4230&CountryID=7
Gephyromantis boulengeri Boulenger’s Madagascar Frog
Comments: Gephyromantis klemmeri and others in sub genus Gephyromantis
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=884&SpeciesID=4233&CountryID=7
Gephyromantis corvus
Comments: In comparaison to the other arid adapted Phylacomentis species, G. corvus is the more abundant, therefore it might be the best candidate if there will be need to develop an ex-situ strategy for the other arid adapted Phylacomentis. This species appears to be restricted ONLY to Isalo. However, the species seems to be abundant there and not suffering from habitat alteration. G. corvus has tadpoles that exhibit carnivory and emit click vocalisations. Especially the latter feature appears to be unique to this species (or shared by a few species). Still a matter of debate.
Assessed: 24 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=887&SpeciesID=4235&CountryID=7
Gephyromantis enki
Comments: This species could perhaps be used as an analog for other small, leaf-litter dwelling Gephyromantis.
Assessed: 27 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=891&SpeciesID=4238&CountryID=7
Gephyromantis granulatus Grainy Madagascar Frog
Comments: Develping know how on the husbandry of this abundant species might help develop valuable knowlegde an ex-situ strategy for many Duboimantis species (including the microendemism like G. zavona. The popolation formely known as G. granulatus from Tsaratanana have been escribed a sa new species: Gephyromantis zavona
Assessed: 24 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=892&SpeciesID=4239&CountryID=7
Gephyromantis klemmeri Klemmer’s Madagascar Frog
Comments: Given the difficulty of elucidating the reproductive behavior of this and similar species in the wild, and the importance of understanding life history for conservation assessment, it would be good to have an ex-situ colony to understand the reproductive mode and behavior of this frog.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=894&SpeciesID=4241&CountryID=7
Gephyromantis zavona
Comments: Very little is known about the life history and reproductive behavior of this species, and elucidating these aspects would benefit from observations in a captive colony.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=919&SpeciesID=4266&CountryID=7
Gephyromantis zavona
Comments: Very little is known about the life history and reproductive behavior of this species, and elucidating these aspects would benefit from observations in a captive colony.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=919&SpeciesID=4266&CountryID=7
Guibemantis sp. aff. punctatus [Ca HM364642]
Comments: It could be to species with similar ecological requirements to all the other species of the same Sub-Genus. However, no information is available about the species husbandry and captive breeding. endemic to Betampona
Assessed: 15 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=943&SpeciesID=4276&CountryID=7
Heterixalus boettgeri Boettger’s Reed Frog
Comments: Assessed by G. Rosa
Assessed: 13 Nov 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3884&SpeciesID=1939&CountryID=7
Mantella baroni Baron’s Mantella, Variegated Golden Frog, Harlequin Mantella
Comments: Reproductive biology, such as fecundity and age to sexual maturity, would be best studied in captivity and, similar to other heavily traded Mantella spp., could be used to better model effects of trade.
Assessed: 6 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3889&SpeciesID=4281&CountryID=7
Mantella baroni Baron’s Mantella, Variegated Golden Frog, Harlequin Mantella
Comments: Reproductive biology, such as fecundity and age to sexual maturity, would be best studied in captivity and, similar to other heavily traded Mantella spp., could be used to better model effects of trade.
Assessed: 6 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3889&SpeciesID=4281&CountryID=7
Mantella crocea Eastern Mantella, Yellow Mantella
Comments: Population ecology and dynamics for sustainable trade; habitat use and preference for translocations.
Assessed: 12 Feb 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1577&SpeciesID=4285&CountryID=7
Mantella madagascariensis Madagascan Mantella, Madagascar Golden Frog
Comments: Other species of the Mantella madagascariensis group certainly have in general similar husbandry requirements.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1582&SpeciesID=4290&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus alutus Mountain Madagascar Frog
Comments: This species can be used to study the basic biology of the Brygoomantis species.
Assessed: 3 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1592&SpeciesID=4299&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus alutus Mountain Madagascar Frog
Comments: This species can be used to study the basic biology of the Brygoomantis species.
Assessed: 3 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1592&SpeciesID=4299&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus betsileanus Betsileo Madagascar Frog
Comments: Other Brygoomantis but especialy the other undiscribed species in betsileanus complexe
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1596&SpeciesID=4304&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus biporus Two-pore Madagascar Frog
Comments: Other Brygoomantis that are undiscribed localy endemic
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1597&SpeciesID=4305&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus bourgati
Comments: The species could be a proxy for several other high-elevation species of the subgenus Brygoomantos. NEW SPECIES RECENTLY DESCRIBED
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1598&SpeciesID=4306&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus curtus Ankafana Madagascar Frog
Comments: Ex-situ can be used to develop know-how on the reproductive biology of this species complex.
Assessed: 3 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1602&SpeciesID=4310&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus curtus Ankafana Madagascar Frog
Comments: Ex-situ can be used to develop know-how on the reproductive biology of this species complex.
Assessed: 3 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1602&SpeciesID=4310&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus femoralis Fort Madagascar Frog
Comments: Probably several other species in the subgenus Ochthomantis have similar requirements and can be kept and bred under similar conditions as M. femoralis, despite subtle differences(e.g.,tadpole rearing might be different because of ifferences in tadpole mouthparts among many Ochthomantis).
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1604&SpeciesID=4312&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus grandidieri Grandidier’s Madagascar Frog
Comments: Life history and breeding biology of this species and its relatives is largely unknown. We have recently identifi for the first time the tadpoles of one related species, but n general, the whole reproductive behavior is not known and apparently exceedingly difficult ot observe in the wild. Hence, a properly maintained captive colony could help elucidating these aspects of the species’ biology, which are important to understand their habitat requirements (possibly breeding in cavities in the stream banks) and manage their habitats. However, captive breeding will be challenging due to the large size of these species. Species captured for human consumption.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1605&SpeciesID=4313&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus grandidieri Grandidier’s Madagascar Frog
Comments: Life history and breeding biology of this species and its relatives is largely unknown. We have recently identifi for the first time the tadpoles of one related species, but n general, the whole reproductive behavior is not known and apparently exceedingly difficult ot observe in the wild. Hence, a properly maintained captive colony could help elucidating these aspects of the species’ biology, which are important to understand their habitat requirements (possibly breeding in cavities in the stream banks) and manage their habitats. However, captive breeding will be challenging due to the large size of these species. Species captured for human consumption.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1605&SpeciesID=4313&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus guttulatus Gray Madagascar Frog
Comments: See comments under M. grandidieri. The reproductive behavior and life history of these species are almost completely unknown and could be elucidate in a properly managed captive colony. Husbandry will be challenging however due to the large body size of these species. Species captured for human consumption.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1606&SpeciesID=4314&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus guttulatus Gray Madagascar Frog
Comments: See comments under M. grandidieri. The reproductive behavior and life history of these species are almost completely unknown and could be elucidate in a properly managed captive colony. Husbandry will be challenging however due to the large body size of these species. Species captured for human consumption.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1606&SpeciesID=4314&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus lugubris Dumeril’s Madagascar Frog
Comments: Threatened or locally endemic species in subgenus Hylobatrachus, for instant M. aff.lugubris from Andohahela or Marojejy. Also could serve as anologue for Mantidactylus cowanii which is Near Threatened.
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1607&SpeciesID=4315&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus mocquardi Mocquard’s Madagascar Frog
Comments: Aswith M. femoralis the species probably can serve as prxy for other described and undecribed species in the subgenus Ochthomantis, although all of these species might differ in subtle differences of requirements of tadpoles, due to differences in mouthparts.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1611&SpeciesID=4319&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus noralottae
Comments: Nothing is known on its reproductive biology NEW SPECIES RECENTLY DESCRIBED
Assessed: 3 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1612&SpeciesID=4320&CountryID=7
Mantidactylus ulcerosus Warty Madagascar Frog
Comments: This species is abundant, common and wide distributed, it can definitively be an husbandry analog to develop husbandry regimes for different species of the subgenus Brygoomantis
Assessed: 3 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1621&SpeciesID=4329&CountryID=7
Platypelis barbouri Barbour’s Giant Treefrog
Comments: This species may make a suitable analogue for other Platypelis species. Its reproductive mode is established.
Assessed: 6 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2033&SpeciesID=68&CountryID=7
Platypelis grandis Boulenger’s Giant Treefrog
Comments: The breeding ecology of this species is relatively well known. It may make a good model for its congeners, although P. tuberifera should be considered as well.
Assessed: 6 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2035&SpeciesID=70&CountryID=7
Platypelis sp. aff. cowani [Ca FJ559291]
Comments: Species with similar ecological requirements to all the other species of the same Genus. However, no information is available about the species husbandry and captive breeding. endemic to Betampona
Assessed: 15 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2040&SpeciesID=75&CountryID=7
Platypelis tuberifera Ambatoharanana Giant Treefrog
Comments: This species may make a good analogue for its congeners, although habits in many cases differ.
Assessed: 6 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2044&SpeciesID=79&CountryID=7
Plethodontohyla fonetana
Comments: Breeding this species in captivity would ensure that the loss of its forests would not mean its extinction. It seems to lay a large number (>100) eggs, and so assurance populations might be manageable with a small number of founder individuals.
Assessed: 2 Nov 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3899&SpeciesID=83&CountryID=7
Plethodontohyla mihanika Malagasy Climbing Rain Frog
Comments: being an abundant species that breeds in tree holes and leaf axils it can be a good husandry analog for many arboreal cophilines species. It is in need of a taxonomic revision
Assessed: 4 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2129&SpeciesID=87&CountryID=7
Plethodontohyla notosticta Mahanoro Digging Frog
Comments: It is a quite abundant and generalized arboreal species of Plethodontohyla and can be a good husbandry analog, but a taxonomic revision need to e undertaken to identify the criptic species of this species complex. Species in need of a taxonomic revision
Assessed: 4 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2131&SpeciesID=89&CountryID=7
Rhombophryne laevipes Madagascar Digging Frog
Comments: This species is relatively abundant. Although its breeding ecology is not clear, it may make an effective analogue for more poorly known species such as the closely related R. “alluaudi”, or more distantly related R. serratopalpebrosa, R. vaventy, and R. coronata.
Assessed: 6 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2128&SpeciesID=110&CountryID=7
Rhombophryne testudo Nosy Be Burrowing Frog
Comments: Practically nothing is known of the reproduction of this species. However, as it is not rare in its local habitat, it may be a good analogue for the closely related R. matavy, which is more threatened.
Assessed: 2 Nov 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2430&SpeciesID=113&CountryID=7
Scaphiophryne calcarata Mocquard’s Rain Frog
Comments: Probably best Scaphiophryne as analogue for S. gottlebei
Assessed: 15 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2449&SpeciesID=116&CountryID=7
Scaphiophryne gottlebei Red Rain Frog
Comments: Creation of insurance colonies may be a strategy to help preserving the wild populations. At the moment there is still a huge lack of knowledge on how to breed the species. Successful breeding has been achieved through the use of hormones only. Assessed by G. Rosa. CITES Appendix II
Assessed: 13 Nov 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3892&SpeciesID=117&CountryID=7
Scaphiophryne marmorata Marbled Rain Frog
Comments: Possible Scaphiophryne gottlebei analogue since both are in the same genus and explosive breeders, though S. gottlebei inhabits a different environment and perhaps there are better analog species.
Assessed: 12 Feb 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2452&SpeciesID=119&CountryID=7
Spinomantis aglavei Anamalozoatra Madagascar Frog
Comments: Other Spinomantis like S.phantasticus that are more threatened
Assessed: 1 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2492&SpeciesID=4332&CountryID=7
Stumpffia be
Comments: Probably yes, as it is related to other threatened cave-dwelling species in northern Madagascar.
Assessed: 28 Oct 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3858&SpeciesID=6664&CountryID=7
Stumpffia hara
Comments: Possibly yes as representing a member of a group of threatened large-bodied species of Stumpffia.
Assessed: 28 Oct 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3859&SpeciesID=6665&CountryID=7
Stumpffia madagascariensis
Comments: Possibly. There might be threatened small species of Stumpffia with very similar habits and reproduction.
Assessed: 15 Apr 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3864&SpeciesID=6666&CountryID=7
Stumpffia pygmaea Andoany Stump-toed Frog
Comments: Being a very abundant species it can be a good usbandry analog for developping husbandry skills on Stumpffia maintanance.
Assessed: 4 Aug 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2519&SpeciesID=132&CountryID=7
Stumpffia sp. “Ivoloina”
Comments: Species with similar ecological requirements to all the other species of the same Genus. endemic to Ivoloina but taxonomical status yet to be clarified
Assessed: 15 May 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2521&SpeciesID=134&CountryID=7
Stumpffia staffordi
Comments: Possibly yes, as there are more of these related species known from karstic caves.
Assessed: 28 Oct 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=3857&SpeciesID=6669&CountryID=7
Stumpffia tetradactyla Maromandia Stump-toed Frog
Comments: Possible analogue for Stumpffia helenae (CR), although other species like S. tridactyla or just about any Stumpffia might be of use too.
Assessed: 15 Sep 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2522&SpeciesID=135&CountryID=7
Stumpffia tridactyla Guibe’s Stump-toed Frog
Comments: The life history and breeding biology of this and most other Stumpffia is largely unknown, and exceedingly difficult to study in the wild. Setting up a breeding colony of this or other relatedStumpffia could clarify many aspect of its biology that would be helpful in conservation management.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2523&SpeciesID=136&CountryID=7
Stumpffia tridactyla Guibe’s Stump-toed Frog
Comments: The life history and breeding biology of this and most other Stumpffia is largely unknown, and exceedingly difficult to study in the wild. Setting up a breeding colony of this or other relatedStumpffia could clarify many aspect of its biology that would be helpful in conservation management.
Assessed: 23 Jul 2015 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2523&SpeciesID=136&CountryID=7
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Hylarana grandocula Mindanao Striped Stream Frog
Comments: H. similis may need to be sunk into grandocula (or vice versa). Brown and Siler (2013) identified a new, currently undescribed species which is known from only a single specimen…extinct? (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1048&SpeciesID=3017&CountryID=137
Hylarana similis Luzon Striped Stream Frog
Comments: Chytrid infected, effects cannot be reversed in time, high priority, but (Diesmos) they are quiet common on other mountain areas in Luzon, one of the hardest hit frog. H. similis may need to be sunk into grandocula (or vice versa). Brown and Siler (2013) identified a new, currently undescribed species which is known from only a single specimen…extinct? (Brown). H. similis is infected with chytrid and qualitative observations suggest numbers may be declining. No published data yet and Brown and Siler (2013) suggested that this species and H. grandocula may actually represent a single widespread form, which would impact its assessment if true; see: Brown, R. M., and C. D. Siler. 2013. Spotted stream frog diversification at the Australasian faunal zone interface, mainland versus island comparisons, and a test of the Philippine ‘dual-umbilicus’ hypothesis. Journal of Biogeography 41:182–195 (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1106&SpeciesID=3057&CountryID=137
Ichthyophis glandulosus Abungabung Caecilian, Basilan Caecilian
Comments: Abundant in Mindanao but not really on the island where it is collected (Tampakan, its mined already). Threat: Mining. Very common in Pasonanca Natural Park protected area (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1168&SpeciesID=1338&CountryID=137
Ichthyophis mindanaoensis Todaya Caecilian. Mindanao Caecilian
Comments: Same habitat with glandulosus. Found in fragmented forest. Unknown distribution and Biology. Need Rafe’s side on these two species
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1177&SpeciesID=1350&CountryID=137
Kaloula conjuncta conjuncta Luzon Narrowmouth Toad
Comments: Luzon, found in forest. If one treats the subspecies as species (favourable, given results of Blackburn et al., (See Blackburn, D. C, C. D. Siler, A. C. Diesmos, J. A. McGuire, D. C. Cannatella, and R. M. Brown. 2013), who argued species status of all but K. c. stickeli) (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1277&SpeciesID=6561&CountryID=137
Kaloula picta Painted Narrowmouth Toad, Slender-digit Chorus Frog
Comments:
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1287&SpeciesID=6569&CountryID=137
Kurixalus appendiculatus Southeast Asian Tree Frog, Rough-armed Tree Frog
Comments: Compose of cryptic species, species complex. Looks like a complex of three endemic Philippine species or “ESUs”; see: Gonzales, P., Y.-C. Su, C. D. Siler, A. Barley, M. B. Sanguila, A. C. Diesmos and, R. M. Brown. 2014. Archipelago colonization by ecologically dissimilar amphibians: evaluating the expectation of common evolutionary history of geographical diffusion in co-distributed rainforest tree frogs in islands of Southeast Asia. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 72: 35–41.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1303&SpeciesID=5125&CountryID=137
Leptobrachium lumadorum Mindanao Litter Frog
Comments: Named after tribe from Mindanao, lowland forest species. Vulnerable in mining and reforestation. Sensitivity to the environment (Afuang). Can use it for the conservation education (Afuang). This species has a very big tadpole.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1345&SpeciesID=4374&CountryID=137
Limnonectes leytensis Small Disked Frog, Philippine Swamp Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for other Limnonectes species. Possible splits in population but no one is working on it.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1455&SpeciesID=3585&CountryID=137
Limnonectes macrocephalus Luzon Fanged Frog
Comments: Captured for food and marginalized by Hoplobatrachus. Collection for food is the major threat and this may lead to further declines (Afuang). Good for conservation education because it is big and represents all the islands.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1460&SpeciesID=3587&CountryID=137
Limnonectes magnus Giant Philippine Frog, Mindanao Fanged Frog
Comments: Captured for food and marginalized by Hoplobatrachus. It only exists in the Philippines.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1463&SpeciesID=3590&CountryID=137
Limnonectes woodworthi Luzon Swamp Frog
Comments: Almost the same with visayanus. Two populations in Luzon and Eastern Visayas. Taxonomic status is unknown.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1490&SpeciesID=3609&CountryID=137
Megophrys stejnegeri Mindanao Horned Frog, Southeast Asian Horned Toad
Comments: Widespread in Mindanao PAIC. Is in the pet trade-local market. Extremely widespread and detected as part of every survey effort on Mindanao and/or Palawan. What we know now is that they are only detectable in the rainy season and only call, actually during rain — this means that the ability to record this species is severely limited, and yet we always find them, whenever we do surveys on the Palawan or Mindanao PAICS, throughout all the islands concerned (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1643&SpeciesID=4418&CountryID=137
Nyctixalus spinosus Spiny Cinnamon Frog
Comments: Has good education potential because of its color and shape.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1762&SpeciesID=5140&CountryID=137
Occidozyga laevis Common Puddle Frog, Yellow Bellied Puddle Frog
Comments: Used for biology experiments.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1766&SpeciesID=3646&CountryID=137
Oreophryne anulata Mindanao Cross Frog
Comments: I would argue that now that we have surveyed throughout Mindanao and observed Oreophryne everywhere, we are no closer to determining whether this group is a single species, two species (nana on Camiguin, anulata everywhere else) or 5 or 6 species. All the character differences have broken down now that we’ve seen them from throughout their range (Brown). Super high priority for some actual taxonomic studies (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1871&SpeciesID=10&CountryID=137
Pelophryne brevipes Western Mindanao Dwarf Toad
Comments: They are typically widespread so they can still take care of themselves (Afuang), can be used as a husbandry analog.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1910&SpeciesID=4626&CountryID=137
Philautus acutirostris Pointed-snout Bush Frog
Comments:
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1937&SpeciesID=5143&CountryID=137
Philautus surdus Philippine Bush Frog
Comments: Its easier to procure from the others, species complex.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1961&SpeciesID=5241&CountryID=137
Philautus worcesteri Worcester’s Bush Frog
Comments: Looks like surdus but is the biggest species among the Philautus.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1967&SpeciesID=5253&CountryID=137
Platymantis cornutus Northern Luzon Horned Tree Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for Platymantis banahao (Diesmos). Habitat loss is the main threat, conversion to agricultural (Afuang). What carries more weight, the higher area of occupancy or the habitat threat? (Gonzales). A lot of protected areas already in Cordillera (Diesmos).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2003&SpeciesID=4971&CountryID=137
Platymantis corrugatus
Comments: Husbandry analog for ground dwelling Platymantis (Diesmos). This species is a direct developer.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2004&SpeciesID=4972&CountryID=137
Platymantis dorsalis Whistling Wrinkled Ground Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for ground dwelling Platymantis. Widespread. Taxonomic revisions by Brown.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2007&SpeciesID=4975&CountryID=137
Platymantis guentheri Günther’s Wrinkled Tree Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for arboreal dwelling Platymantis species. Not all in protected area status. Suitable for conservation education as it is common, and shows lifestyles of direct developers.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2008&SpeciesID=4977&CountryID=137
Platymantis insulatus Gigantes Limestone Frog
Comments: Shouldn’t keep all eggs in one basket (Gonzalez) – should have plan B to protect the species. What if there something happened to Gigantes Island? Maybe gone extinct because of the high threats in the habitat like logging (Jakosalem). Gigantes is not a protected area (Diesmos). Possible reintroduced in mainland limestone in Panay. Tourism, cutting of trees are some the threats in the habitat (Diesmos). Only in one tiny island (Jakosalem). Distribution is very small. This species has survived at high densities and is commonly located (if surveys follow precipitation) at several sites in Gigantes. Species that retreat into limestone crevices have been shown repeatedly to do fine with complete removal of surface vegetation (precisely because they have a place to go when it gets hot an arid). We have made strong statements about limestone species conservation threats in the past and have been incorrect every time. This species requires more field research conducted in the appropriate times of day and year — at least, I would argue, this is necessary before any increased threat level can be justifiably applied. I would consider it Data Deficient until actual surveys are conducted. With only a handful of several-hours-long visits to the islands in the past decade, everything is conjecture (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2011&SpeciesID=4981&CountryID=137
Platymantis lawtoni Lawton’s Cloud Frog
Comments: Rampant mining in the area. Species is doing well and we have more data now.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2013&SpeciesID=4984&CountryID=137
Platymantis luzonensis Luzon Horned Tree Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for arboreal frogs (Diesmos). Found in properly managed protected areas (Afuang).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2015&SpeciesID=4986&CountryID=137
Platymantis mimulus Husky-voiced Wrinkled Ground Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for dorsalis complex (Afuang). Used for chytrid susceptibility test.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2016&SpeciesID=4992&CountryID=137
Platymantis montanus Banahao Cloud Frog
Comments: Husbandry analog for cloud frogs. Found in properly managed protected areas.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2017&SpeciesID=4993&CountryID=137
Platymantis polillensis Luzon Plaintive Tree Frog
Comments: Polilio people used it as their flagship frog because of its golden yellow color and also include as part of their fiesta (Afuang).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2023&SpeciesID=5005&CountryID=137
Polypedates leucomystax Four-lined Tree Frog, White-lipped Tree Frog
Comments: Species occurs in degraded areas but not in protected areas (JC Gonzales). Husbandry analog for genus Rhacophorus and P. hecticus (JC Gonzales & Arvin Diesmos). Possibly bred in captivity but not sure where (JC Gonzales). Suitable for conservation education as it is easy to keep, and kids can handle it. Two forms/ESUs/species?? In the Philippines. One limited to S. Mindanao and shared with sunda shelf; the other a Philippine endemic (widespread, but higher priority?); see Brown, R. M., C W. Linkem, C. D. Siler, J. Sukumaran J. A. Esselstyn, A. C. Diesmos, D. T. Iskandar, D. Bickford, B. J. Evans, J. A. McGuire, L. Grismer, J. Supriatna, and N. Andayani. 2010. Phylogeography and historical demography of Polypedates leucomystax in the islands of Indonesia and the Philippines: evidence for recent human-mediated range expansion? Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 57:598–619 (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2147&SpeciesID=5264&CountryID=137
Polypedates macrotis Dark-eared Tree Frog
Comments: Supposedly common in Borneo but it just restricted in the Philippines. Species complex. More fieldworks require. Native to S. half of Palawan (where it may be common), and Balabac island group? (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2152&SpeciesID=5266&CountryID=137
Rhacophorus bimaculatus Mindanao Flying Frog, Blue-spotted Tree Frog, Asiatic Tree Frog
Comments:
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2339&SpeciesID=5324&CountryID=137
Rhacophorus pardalis Emerald Flying Frog
Comments: Education potential: its color. Genuine research priority! One species or four?? (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2385&SpeciesID=5367&CountryID=137
Rhinella marina Cane Toad, Marine Toad
Comments: Taxonomic status is problematic. Suitable for conservation education as it embodies invasive species, and is commercially important.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2417&SpeciesID=4733&CountryID=137
Sanguirana luzonensis Luzon Torrent Frog
Comments: Very common, even though it is affected by mining (Diesmos).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2444&SpeciesID=5074&CountryID=137
Sanguirana sanguinea Palawan Torrent Frog
Comments: Common in Palawan, Mainland, can be found in forest areas only. “Mainland” records now known to be in error. This is a Palawan PAIC endemic (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2445&SpeciesID=5075&CountryID=137
Staurois natator Mindanao Rock Frog
Comments: Restricted to Mindanao PAIC paper 2-3 years ago. Still with species complex. Flagging feet for courtship. Good for conservation education because it is good in images.
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2507&SpeciesID=5078&CountryID=137
Staurois nubilus Palawan Rock Frog
Comments: Widespread and abundant in every Palawan survey conducted single Everett’s field work in 1800s (Brown).
Assessed: 3 Jul 2014 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2508&SpeciesID=5080&CountryID=137
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Eleutherodactylus antillensis Red-eyed Coqui
Comments: Could be used as a husbandry analog for some Cuban and Jamaican Eleutherodactylus species. Coquis are the national emblem of Puerto Rico and are therefore culturally significant.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=624&SpeciesID=3709&CountryID=75
Eleutherodactylus cooki
Comments: Would be a good husbandry analog for other cave-dwelling Eleutherodactylus species. Is a cave-dwelling species. Less than 1% of the population occurs in protected areas. Species is likely to be negatively impacted by climate change and more awareness of climate change impacts are need in Puerto Rico (R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011). Is a popular species in a specific area of Puerto Rico and tunnels have been created to protect the species (R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011). Species has been maintained in captivity (University of Puerto Rico) but has not been bred (R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=646&SpeciesID=3730&CountryID=75
Eleutherodactylus coqui Common Coqui, Puerto Rican Coqui
Comments: Is a good husbandry analog for other direct-developing species. Has a two note of calls, one used for males and the other for females. There are differences in the sexes of sensitivities to sound (A. R. Estrada, R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=647&SpeciesID=3731&CountryID=75
Osteopilus septentrionalis Cuban Treefrog, Giant Tree-frog
Comments: Could be a good husbandry analog for O. dominicensis. Useful for conservation education programs about exotic and invasive species.
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1887&SpeciesID=1561&CountryID=75
Peltophryne lemur Puerto Rican Crested Toad
Comments: Samples are required for research into phylogeny and morphology and bioacoustics, resistance to salinity (A. Rodriguez, R. Joglar pers. comm. March 2011). F2 specimens have been produced using hormonal techniques. (A. R. Estrada, pers. comm. March 2011). Much of the population is in protected areas, but the area is being impacted by rising sea levels leading to salt water contamination of ponds. Habitat in the north needs to be restored before additional releases are undertaken (R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011). Initial attempts at reintroduction were not very successful, but this has improved over time (R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011). Past experience with conservation education is applicable to similar Cuban species (L. Diaz, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1931&SpeciesID=4643&CountryID=75
Peltophryne lemur Puerto Rican Crested Toad
Comments: Samples are required for research into phylogeny and morphology and bioacoustics, resistance to salinity (A. Rodriguez, R. Joglar pers. comm. March 2011). F2 specimens have been produced using hormonal techniques. (A. R. Estrada, pers. comm. March 2011). Much of the population is in protected areas, but the area is being impacted by rising sea levels leading to salt water contamination of ponds. Habitat in the north needs to be restored before additional releases are undertaken (R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011). Initial attempts at reintroduction were not very successful, but this has improved over time (R. Joglar, pers. comm. March 2011). Past experience with conservation education is applicable to similar Cuban species (L. Diaz, pers. comm. March 2011).
Assessed: 26 Mar 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1931&SpeciesID=4643&CountryID=75
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Nyctixalus pictus Cinnamon Frog, White-spotted Treefrog
Comments: Listed as Near Threatened in the global Red List, but listed as Vulnerable in the National Red Data List. Protected habitat in the Central Catchment Nature Reserve (Tzi Ming Leong, pers. comm. Nov 2011). The speices is very common in reserves and has no significant decline – effectively protected (Daniel Ng, pers. comm. Nov 2011). The availability of the tree holes can be a limiting factor particularly in newer forests and we need to use a more conservative category. We can assist the species by putting in artificial habitats for breeding (Tzi Ming Leong, pers. comm. Nov 2011). Threats do exist and have been documented, so recommended that threats are reversible in the time frame (Cai Yixiong pers. comm. Nov 2011). Have been bred to tadpole stage in Singapore (Rubiah Ismail, pers. comm. Oct 2011). Bred to F1 in USA (Brad Wilson, pers. comm. 2011). Phylogenetic study has been done by Walter Brown (Tzi Ming Leong, pers. comm. Nov 2011).
Assessed: 2 Nov 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1758&SpeciesID=5139&CountryID=138
Nyctixalus pictus Cinnamon Frog, White-spotted Treefrog
Comments: Listed as Near Threatened in the global Red List, but listed as Vulnerable in the National Red Data List. Protected habitat in the Central Catchment Nature Reserve (Tzi Ming Leong, pers. comm. Nov 2011). The speices is very common in reserves and has no significant decline – effectively protected (Daniel Ng, pers. comm. Nov 2011). The availability of the tree holes can be a limiting factor particularly in newer forests and we need to use a more conservative category. We can assist the species by putting in artificial habitats for breeding (Tzi Ming Leong, pers. comm. Nov 2011). Threats do exist and have been documented, so recommended that threats are reversible in the time frame (Cai Yixiong pers. comm. Nov 2011). Have been bred to tadpole stage in Singapore (Rubiah Ismail, pers. comm. Oct 2011). Bred to F1 in USA (Brad Wilson, pers. comm. 2011). Phylogenetic study has been done by Walter Brown (Tzi Ming Leong, pers. comm. Nov 2011).
Assessed: 2 Nov 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1758&SpeciesID=5139&CountryID=138
Polypedates leucomystax Four-lined Tree Frog, White-lipped Tree Frog
Comments: Maybe used as a husbandry analogue for any Rachophorid species (D. Bickford, pers. comm. Nov. 2011). Species is head-started by Singapore Zoo and given to schools to grow up and release ( Xinli Yap, Jessica Rozek, Hong Yap Tay, Taferine Huang, Trisha Tay, Kane Koh, Jagan Thanapal, Matthew Goh pers.comm. Nov 2011), although the outcome is unknown. Good for conservation education.
Assessed: 2 Nov 2011 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2146&SpeciesID=5264&CountryID=138
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Adenomus kelaartii Kelaart’s Dwarf Toad
Comments: Good analogue for A. dasi husbandry. German researchers published the reproduction biology (comments of being illegally collected). Restricted to pristine clean water streams. Found dead specimens with malformation. Within a protected area there are evidences of decline (Knuckles, Anslem de Silva’s study site (location site for the species). Some of the protected areas suggest populations are stable. Attractive for display and good flagship species. Good education message.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=7&SpeciesID=2427&CountryID=151
Ichthyophis glutinosus Common Yellow-banded Caecilian, White-bellied Caecilian, Ceylon Caecilian
Comments: Husbandry analogue for I.pseudangularis and I.orthoplicatus. Education – explantion that its an amphibian, amphibian classification, one of first speceis described in Sri Lanka.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1169&SpeciesID=1339&CountryID=151
Microhyla karunaratnei Karunaratne’s Narrow-mouthed Frog
Comments: Reproductive biolology unk and larval ecology. Disagreement between possibility of reversing the threats in time. Sites where it is found are ecologically very different. Anslem de Silva- has recorded this spp. in long cultivated plantations but currently no clear understanding of stability of populations. Propose need for research to continue monitoring populations inhuman modified habitats (Anslem de Silva – kalds@slt.lk).
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1700&SpeciesID=6603&CountryID=151
Nannophrys ceylonensis Sri Lanka Rock Frog
Comments: Reprod biology unk, tolerance to dessication and aestivation. Found in several protected areas and in one of them the threats could be reversed. No evidence of declining inside the protected areas. Tadpoles with semi-terrestrial behaviour; living on wet rock films (only a few species have this adaptation). Educational value: uniqueness of the tadpoles, impact of hydrological initiatives, resistance to dry conditions.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1732&SpeciesID=3612&CountryID=151
Nannophrys ceylonensis Sri Lanka Rock Frog
Comments: Reprod biology unk, tolerance to dessication and aestivation. Found in several protected areas and in one of them the threats could be reversed. No evidence of declining inside the protected areas. Tadpoles with semi-terrestrial behaviour; living on wet rock films (only a few species have this adaptation). Educational value: uniqueness of the tadpoles, impact of hydrological initiatives, resistance to dry conditions.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1732&SpeciesID=3612&CountryID=151
Polypedates cruciger Common Hour-glass Tree Frog
Comments: Helminth parasitisation and fly infestation of day-produced foam nests. Parasitic flies and helminths affecting the nests, deformities recorded. Mating time apparently moving to early morning instead of night – published work. Large foam nesting tree frog – easy to keep.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2139&SpeciesID=5259&CountryID=151
Polypedates cruciger Common Hour-glass Tree Frog
Comments: Helminth parasitisation and fly infestation of day-produced foam nests. Parasitic flies and helminths affecting the nests, deformities recorded. Mating time apparently moving to early morning instead of night – published work. Large foam nesting tree frog – easy to keep.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2139&SpeciesID=5259&CountryID=151
Polypedates eques Mountain Hour-glass Tree Frog
Comments: Clinical trials for effect of cestode parasitisation. Possible the Knuckles populations are a different species. Concerns related with effects of parasitisation on the species (Anslem de Silva -kalds@slt.lk).
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2140&SpeciesID=5260&CountryID=151
Polypedates longinasus Long-snouted Tree Frog
Comments: Husbandry analogue for P.fastigo. Widespread in the southwest, common and locally spread even to gardens.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2150&SpeciesID=5265&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus abundus
Comments: Good analogue species for Philautus genus in general esp. P.procax. Good for exhibit species too, large and colourful.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2237&SpeciesID=5142&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus alto Horton Plains Shrub Frog
Comments: Good analogue for breeding species of highland Philautus. Being bred in captivity.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2238&SpeciesID=5146&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus asankai Asanka’s Shrub Frog
Comments: Good analogue for breeding P. hoffmanni. Species is dispersing into human modified habitats. Good display species (colourful and display during the day).
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2239&SpeciesID=5148&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus femoralis Leaf-nesting Shrub Frog
Comments: Egg/larva dessication tolerance. Morningside and Corbett’s Gap records are wrong in the GAA. Species from these locations are different/new species. Three new locations from Anslem de Silva (kalds@slt.lk) since the past review (in total 5 locations for the final/real species). Mendis Wickramasinghe – all current confirmed locations within one cluster. May qualifiy for CR. Very sensitive to environmental parameters which makes them very susceptible – maybe irreversible threat. Habitat disappearing with no time for mitigation. Unique breeding strategy of direct development species sticking eggs under leaves with green yolk (Mohomad Bahir publication). Educational value: Attractive species, colourful and reproductive biology uniqueness.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2245&SpeciesID=5168&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus femoralis Leaf-nesting Shrub Frog
Comments: Egg/larva dessication tolerance. Morningside and Corbett’s Gap records are wrong in the GAA. Species from these locations are different/new species. Three new locations from Anslem de Silva (kalds@slt.lk) since the past review (in total 5 locations for the final/real species). Mendis Wickramasinghe – all current confirmed locations within one cluster. May qualifiy for CR. Very sensitive to environmental parameters which makes them very susceptible – maybe irreversible threat. Habitat disappearing with no time for mitigation. Unique breeding strategy of direct development species sticking eggs under leaves with green yolk (Mohomad Bahir publication). Educational value: Attractive species, colourful and reproductive biology uniqueness.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2245&SpeciesID=5168&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus hallidayi Halliday’s Shrub Frog
Comments: Tolerance to insecticides etc Located along stream beds of tropical forest. Very uncommon in small sites. Educational value: in a large display exhibit of amphibians it would be a good example for rock/camouflage species and unique lifestyle on rocks.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2249&SpeciesID=5175&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus hoipolloi Anthropogenic Shrub Frog
Comments: Husbandry analogue for P.pleurotaenia. Educational value: very colourful species and ideal for display exhibits. 12 colour morphs.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2251&SpeciesID=5178&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus limbus Haycock Shrub Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology and ecology. Different colour varieties shown to be one species by genetic work (Madhava Meegaskumbura – madhava_m@mac.com). Found throughout southwestern hills but in one locality after 5 days of survey only one specimen was found.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2252&SpeciesID=5190&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus lunatus Handepan Ella Shrub Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology and ecology. Known from more than one specimen in the type locality. This is under threat. Further locations outside protected areas. No data on population.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2253&SpeciesID=5192&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus macropus Bigfoot Shrub Frog
Comments: Life history, reproductive biology and temperature tolerance. Highland frog living on the peaks. Its believed the area of occupancy is bigger. Potentially downlist to Endangered.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2254&SpeciesID=5193&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus microtympanum Small-eared Shrub Frog
Comments: Climate tolerance Multiple locations (more than 10) have been recorded since the last review. Widespread and consider to review the Red List. Highland specialist.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2255&SpeciesID=5198&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus microtympanum Small-eared Shrub Frog
Comments: Climate tolerance Multiple locations (more than 10) have been recorded since the last review. Widespread and consider to review the Red List. Highland specialist.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2255&SpeciesID=5198&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus mittermeieri Mittermeier’s Shrub Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology and ecology. Forest generalist from the lowlands. Known from diverse locations now. Common in some locations in southwest.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2256&SpeciesID=5199&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus mittermeieri Mittermeier’s Shrub Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology and ecology. Forest generalist from the lowlands. Known from diverse locations now. Common in some locations in southwest.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2256&SpeciesID=5199&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus mooreorum Mooreum’s Shrub Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology and climate tolerance. Multiple locations in Knuckles Peaks but doesn’t effect overall occurrence. Climate change issues affecting the species too.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2257&SpeciesID=5201&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus nemus Whistling Shrub Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology and ecology. At least 3 locations in two different districts in the new distribution. But the populations are very small. We don’t understand really the threats, more research is necessary. No data on population size.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2258&SpeciesID=5206&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus ocularis Golden-eyed Shrub Frog
Comments: Climate tolerance and reproductive biology. Species could be affected by climate change.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2259&SpeciesID=5207&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus pleurotaenia Side-striped Shrub Frog
Comments: Life history Two new locations to add in the distribution (total of four) – only known protected area frogs are actually found outside. Good display spp as colourful.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2261&SpeciesID=5214&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus pleurotaenia Side-striped Shrub Frog
Comments: Life history Two new locations to add in the distribution (total of four) – only known protected area frogs are actually found outside. Good display spp as colourful.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2261&SpeciesID=5214&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus poppiae Poppy’s Shrub Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology, life history, climate tolerance, cause of malformations. Handapan Ella plains protected. Sympatric with P. ocularis. Records of individuals with malformations (Madhava Meegaskumura and Mendis Wickramasinghe). Additional threats:drought. But generally the threats are unknown and require more research about it. Pretty display frog
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2262&SpeciesID=5216&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus reticulatus Reticulated thigh Shrub Frog
Comments: Good analogue species for P. papillosus. Common in lowland rainforest but in restricted places. Educational value: canopy species and largest Philautus species in Sri Lanka. Displays well.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2264&SpeciesID=5221&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus schmarda Schmarda’s Shrub Frog
Comments: Husbandry analogue for two new Philautus spp. There is a larger distribution than is reported in GAA (Mohomad Bahir – goodwillserve@gmail.com). Unique spiky appearance.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2267&SpeciesID=5228&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus simba Sinharaja Shrub Frog
Comments: Reproductive biology/life history. High elevation species.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2270&SpeciesID=5232&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus tanu Petite Shrub Frog
Comments: Life history/reproductive biology – smallest Philautus (frog?) All sites are protected, though a forest edge species – see draft Red List Assessement.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2275&SpeciesID=5243&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus viridis Dull-green Shrub Frog
Comments: Husbandry analogue for P.stuarti. Protected areas Agra Bopath, Horton Plains, Peak Wilderness (Mohomad Bahir – goodwillserve@gmail.com). More locations have been recorded outside the protected areas – forest and anthropogenic sites. Common, large colourful.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2276&SpeciesID=5251&CountryID=151
Pseudophilautus zorro
Comments: Husbandry analogue for P.cuspis. New threat domestic/feral cats.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2277&SpeciesID=5256&CountryID=151
Ramanella nagaoi Nagao’s Ramanella
Comments: Analogue species for R. palmata. There are several new locations recorded since the last review (even in lowlands). Approximately 10 new locations. Locally very common. Populations depend a lot on the availability of tree holes in the forest. There is competition with tree breeding crab for the tree holes. If there is not logging the habitat is good for them. Contact person Madura de Silva (sampathgwlcs@yahoo.com). Pilot study of creating artificial holes for breeding. Studies running on tadpole feeding. Commensalism between a tarantula and the frog (debris of the spider feed the tadpoles). Educational value: easy to display the eggs and tadpoles therefore an opportunity to demonstrate the breeding biology and an example of conservation intervention.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2294&SpeciesID=98&CountryID=151
Ramanella palmata Parker’s Ramanella
Comments: Reproductive biology unk. Lead contamination of water a new threat, blowing in from the cities and pecticides.
Assessed: 19 Nov 2009 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2296&SpeciesID=100&CountryID=151
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Ambystoma bishopi Reticulated Flatwoods Salamander
Comments: natural history lacking May qualify as endangered; Dodd – ongoing studies by Fla F&GC; Dodd – protection is Eglin AFB & Apalachicola WA; Barber – Jacksonville Zoo has plans to reintroduce in future; Dodd/Barrett – threats are climate change (droughts) and no one else is filling breeding ponds (Barrett – mitigation – habitat loss/ increased connectivity/landscape level occupancy/fill ponds). Barrett – so few populations left, expect difficult to resolve issue. Dodd – analog for cingulatum (which is even more critical); Dodd – education (attractiveness, habitat, regional endemic);
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=23&SpeciesID=5494&CountryID=98
Ambystoma bishopi Reticulated Flatwoods Salamander
Comments: natural history lacking May qualify as endangered; Dodd – ongoing studies by Fla F&GC; Dodd – protection is Eglin AFB & Apalachicola WA; Barber – Jacksonville Zoo has plans to reintroduce in future; Dodd/Barrett – threats are climate change (droughts) and no one else is filling breeding ponds (Barrett – mitigation – habitat loss/ increased connectivity/landscape level occupancy/fill ponds). Barrett – so few populations left, expect difficult to resolve issue. Dodd – analog for cingulatum (which is even more critical); Dodd – education (attractiveness, habitat, regional endemic);
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=23&SpeciesID=5494&CountryID=98
Ambystoma tigrinum Eastern Tiger Salamander
Comments: Barber – use as analog for Ambystoma mexicanum. Lannoo – split into malvortium (westerns), but both species ar Dodd – reintroduced into NJ/ MD barrowpit project is questionable; Crump – deliberate reintroductions across range. Dodd – cannibalistic paedomorphs alternative life history strategy (fewer than 10-20 species worldwide); Dodd – bait species (Poole – disease spread potential); All – education potential: invasive species, large charismatic.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=51&SpeciesID=5518&CountryID=98
Amphiuma means Two-toed Amphiuma
Comments: Natural history lacking. Phillips – basic life history lacking; phylogenetic work is completed.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=78&SpeciesID=5524&CountryID=98
Amphiuma means Two-toed Amphiuma
Comments: Natural history lacking. Phillips – basic life history lacking; phylogenetic work is completed.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=78&SpeciesID=5524&CountryID=98
Amphiuma pholeter One-toed Amphiuma
Comments: Natural history lacking. Phillips – basic life history lacking; phylogenetics have been completed. (1) animal in captivity at Philly Zoo per ISIS.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=79&SpeciesID=5525&CountryID=98
Amphiuma tridactylum Three-toed Amphiuma
Comments: Natural history lacking. Phillips – basic life history lacking; phylogenetic work is completed.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=80&SpeciesID=5526&CountryID=98
Amphiuma tridactylum Three-toed Amphiuma
Comments: Natural history lacking. Phillips – basic life history lacking; phylogenetic work is completed.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=80&SpeciesID=5526&CountryID=98
Anaxyrus americanus American Toad
Comments: Analog for many other toad species (i.e., Wyoming). Historical use as scientific research species.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=81&SpeciesID=2470&CountryID=98
Anaxyrus boreas Boreal Toad, Western Toad
Comments: Analog for exsul. Dodd – some populations found by Richard Tracy (UN – Reno) to expand range; in decline in south and east due to Bd; Glusenc – widely recognized as flagship for range (manageable); mandates are state specific.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=85&SpeciesID=2472&CountryID=98
Anaxyrus hemiophrys Canadian Toad
Comments: Analog for baxteri (for husbandry techniques). Chippendale: distribution is fairly patchy in Canada and most probably fall outside of protected areas. Possibly habitat for reintroduction, butt not sure. A good person to ask would be David Green at McGill University/Redpath Museum in Montreal.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=96&SpeciesID=2480&CountryID=98
Batrachoseps attenuatus California Slender Salamander
Comments: Barber – use as analog for Batrachoseps since already in captivity. Adam – ask David Wake/Hansen/Sam Sweet (threats/pop status?); (2) held at Vancouver Aquarium.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=189&SpeciesID=5588&CountryID=98
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis Hellbender
Comments: Low sperm motility; disease issues; plasticizers/pollutants in stream waters; Subspecies bishopi may require varied/different management recommendations based on more restrictive range. bishopi needs to be pulled out as a full species and has been federally listed as Endangered (Weir said check with Jeff Briggler in Missouri) and the eastern populations are not doing well either; Phillips – St Louis Zoo has noted the captive issue low sperm motility (water quality issues per Mark Wanner); unique based on phylogenetic uniqueness and is large (3rd largest salamander species); cultural history high profile in Appalachia & Ozarks – All; historically collected/eradicated – now elevated to Appendix 1 to reduce this; educate fishermen that they do not compete for fish/shouldn’t be killed during gigging practices per Phillips; phylogenetics still inconclusive per Phillips.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=490&SpeciesID=5529&CountryID=98
Desmognathus wrighti Pygmy Salamander
Comments: Dodd – climate change potential impacts; Dodd – and could have been broken up into two species (northern – aka D. organi and southern as D wrighti); analog for organi.(Post workshop: I do know that D. wrighti was bred by a hobbyist, and I recently collected a small group to work with at home. I’ve bred D. aeneus at home for several generations and from what I’ve heard the care is similar. They are syntopic at one site in Macon Co., NC. Tim Herman, pers. comm. Oct 2013).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=570&SpeciesID=958&CountryID=98
Dicamptodon tenebrosus Pacific Giant Salamander
Comments: Analog for ensatus. Education – locally as ambassador for larger salamander.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=578&SpeciesID=5523&CountryID=98
Eurycea chisholmensis Chisholm Trail Salamander
Comments: Husbandry and natural history research with assurance colony. Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlain – known from (6) populations per Gluesenk This Genera can also be considered so tied to its localized habitat such that they would only displace another of the same genus if introduced in other nearby areas (so reintroduction may not be warranted unless they were originally known from those springs); Dallas Zoo has them but has not had breeding success yet; Education might help with awareness (Gluesenkamp has attempted for past 3 years, but needs more help). Chippendale – this is part of the northern group from Edwards plateau.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=811&SpeciesID=962&CountryID=98
Eurycea nana San Marcos Salamander
Comments: Natural history data; thermal tolerances; hormonal. Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlain – southern Edwards’ Plateau; education for flagship spring species within range (endangered plants, inverts, fish, salamanders all on university property); bred heavily at San Marcos Fed. Fish Hatchery.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=819&SpeciesID=970&CountryID=98
Eurycea nana San Marcos Salamander
Comments: Natural history data; thermal tolerances; hormonal. Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlain – southern Edwards’ Plateau; education for flagship spring species within range (endangered plants, inverts, fish, salamanders all on university property); bred heavily at San Marcos Fed. Fish Hatchery.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=819&SpeciesID=970&CountryID=98
Eurycea neotenes Texas Salamander
Comments: Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlain – Dallas Zoo bred this species and at San Marcos Fed Fish Hatchery; southern Edwards’ Plateau.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=821&SpeciesID=972&CountryID=98
Eurycea neotenes Texas Salamander
Comments: Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlain – Dallas Zoo bred this species and at San Marcos Fed Fish Hatchery; southern Edwards’ Plateau.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=821&SpeciesID=972&CountryID=98
Eurycea rathbuni Texas Blind Salamander
Comments: Research required into environmental contamination; developmental biology; eye development. Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlin – southern Edwards’ Plateau, lives under the range of nana; potential habitat reintroduction at Wonder Cave (part of natural range); exceptionally extreme trogolbite in Amphibia (more than olm in our opinion!); cultural – on beer/wine, research ; analog for waterlooensis and robusta; Education for Edwards Aquifer biodiversity (flagship)
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=824&SpeciesID=975&CountryID=98
Eurycea rathbuni Texas Blind Salamander
Comments: Research required into environmental contamination; developmental biology; eye development. Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlin – southern Edwards’ Plateau, lives under the range of nana; potential habitat reintroduction at Wonder Cave (part of natural range); exceptionally extreme trogolbite in Amphibia (more than olm in our opinion!); cultural – on beer/wine, research ; analog for waterlooensis and robusta; Education for Edwards Aquifer biodiversity (flagship)
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=824&SpeciesID=975&CountryID=98
Eurycea sosorum Barton Springs Salamander
Comments: Natural history; water quality. Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlain – southern Edwards’ Plateau; impervious cover limits within county; cultural – locally recognized species; needs more outreach to help awareness (water quality, species issues).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=826&SpeciesID=977&CountryID=98
Eurycea sosorum Barton Springs Salamander
Comments: Natural history; water quality. Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlain – southern Edwards’ Plateau; impervious cover limits within county; cultural – locally recognized species; needs more outreach to help awareness (water quality, species issues).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=826&SpeciesID=977&CountryID=98
Eurycea tonkawae Jollyville Plateau Salamander
Comments: Chippendale/Gluesenkamp/Chamberlain – northern Edwards’ Plateau; Scientifically important – skeletal resorption (hormone leptin impacting osteoporosis), which may make it exceptional as it’s only one know to shrink/grow on own.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=828&SpeciesID=979&CountryID=98
Eurycea wallacei Georgia Blind Salamander
Comments: Life history research (Dante Fenolio at Atlanta Botanical Gardens). Weir – noted genus has been updated to Haideotriton, but it may not be recognized; Dodd – one of the blind group makes it exceptional; Education – local awareness campaign.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=832&SpeciesID=983&CountryID=98
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus Spring Salamander
Comments: Natural history lacking in genera. Kast – bred at Toledo but listed in ISIS under their subspecies; has been added for review by FWS as Endangered species status (Barber) – which will require full recovery plan; education – local awareness campaign will only help species recover (All). (Post workshop: Toledo has never bred Gyrinophilus. We have maintained them for many years, but I still do not know how to sex them without possibly anesthetizing and examining the cloacal lining. So we may not even have sexual pairs. I am not aware of any successful captive reproduction with the genus. Tim Herman, pers. comm. Oct 2013).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=949&SpeciesID=988&CountryID=98
Gyrinophilus porphyriticus Spring Salamander
Comments: Natural history lacking in genera. Kast – bred at Toledo but listed in ISIS under their subspecies; has been added for review by FWS as Endangered species status (Barber) – which will require full recovery plan; education – local awareness campaign will only help species recover (All). (Post workshop: Toledo has never bred Gyrinophilus. We have maintained them for many years, but I still do not know how to sex them without possibly anesthetizing and examining the cloacal lining. So we may not even have sexual pairs. I am not aware of any successful captive reproduction with the genus. Tim Herman, pers. comm. Oct 2013).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=949&SpeciesID=988&CountryID=98
Lithobates capito Carolina Gopher Frog
Comments: Analog for L. sevosa. Captive reared, but no knowledge of being bred within group; life-cycle education for species awareness; Lannoo – in process for being petitioned.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1494&SpeciesID=3069&CountryID=98
Lithobates chiricahuensis Chiricahua Leopard Frog
Comments: Disease research – peptide and husbandry research. Barber – suggests that this species be re-evaluated fully; education – local awareness for conservation efforts (in place).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1503&SpeciesID=3072&CountryID=98
Necturus maculosus Common Mudpuppy
Comments: Analog for genus Necturus, especially alabamensis. Host to a freshwater mussel (Glocidia sp.); introduced into Conn. River (Weir); commercially valuable for scientific industry; education value for awareness of genus.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1748&SpeciesID=1173&CountryID=98
Phaeognathus hubrichti Red Hills Salamander
Comments: Natural history data lacking. Local regional species – increase awareness of its fossorial presence.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1933&SpeciesID=1035&CountryID=98
Plethodon jordani Jordan’s Red-cheeked Salamander
Comments: Climate change impacts (i.e. soil acidification from acid rain) for mountaintop species. Dodd – threats are climate change and forest change (i.e. woody adelgid, etc.); introduced into Maine unsuccessfully as part of an ecological in 1960s; iconic/flagship species for Great Smoky Mountains park (iconic – on T-shirts, mugs, key chains, etc.) and Appalachian salamanders. (Post workshop: A hobbyist in Detroit posted photos of his P. jordani that reproduced in captivity for him. Unfortunately they are quite illegal, regardless of where he obtained them. In any case, it is possible. Tim Herman, pers. comm. Oct 2013).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2094&SpeciesID=1055&CountryID=98
Plethodon jordani Jordan’s Red-cheeked Salamander
Comments: Climate change impacts (i.e. soil acidification from acid rain) for mountaintop species. Dodd – threats are climate change and forest change (i.e. woody adelgid, etc.); introduced into Maine unsuccessfully as part of an ecological in 1960s; iconic/flagship species for Great Smoky Mountains park (iconic – on T-shirts, mugs, key chains, etc.) and Appalachian salamanders. (Post workshop: A hobbyist in Detroit posted photos of his P. jordani that reproduced in captivity for him. Unfortunately they are quite illegal, regardless of where he obtained them. In any case, it is possible. Tim Herman, pers. comm. Oct 2013).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2094&SpeciesID=1055&CountryID=98
Rana muscosa Southern Mountain Yellow-legged Frog, Mountain Yellow-legged Frog
Comments: Biocontrol for chytrid fungus. Becklin – species was split in 2007 into sierrae (southern) & muscosa (northern range); largest declines in muscosa is federally endangered in CA, but the rest of the range is; sierrae is state listed and candidate for federal listing (Grow); main threat is Bd and invasive species; already in captivity with husbandry in progress, so can be used as an analog for other high elevation ranid species (cascase and sierrae); education for species awareness support for conservation of species.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2311&SpeciesID=3228&CountryID=98
Rana muscosa Southern Mountain Yellow-legged Frog, Mountain Yellow-legged Frog
Comments: Biocontrol for chytrid fungus. Becklin – species was split in 2007 into sierrae (southern) & muscosa (northern range); largest declines in muscosa is federally endangered in CA, but the rest of the range is; sierrae is state listed and candidate for federal listing (Grow); main threat is Bd and invasive species; already in captivity with husbandry in progress, so can be used as an analog for other high elevation ranid species (cascase and sierrae); education for species awareness support for conservation of species.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2311&SpeciesID=3228&CountryID=98
Rana sierrae Sierra Nevada Yellow-legged Frog
Comments: Becklin – translocations to a novel site within range; Vredenburg has had them in the lab for a while; education for species awareness support for conservation of species.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2319&SpeciesID=3241&CountryID=98
Rhyacotriton variegatus Southern Torrent Salamander
Comments: Hassock – analog for all other Rhyactriton.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2434&SpeciesID=1179&CountryID=98
Spea bombifrons Plains Spadefoot
Comments: Makes exceptional; analog for other Spea spp. Lannoo – difficult to detect; Lannoo – has cannibalistic morphs triggered by high density (in Spea only, not Scaphiopus) – life history (cannibalism).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2486&SpeciesID=5422&CountryID=98
Taricha granulosa Roughskin Newt
Comments: Philips – have tetrodotoxin (TTD); analog for Taricha; diurnal, toxins, behaviors make good education species.
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2525&SpeciesID=1237&CountryID=98
Urspelerpes brucei Patch-nosed Salamander
Comments: Natural history and reproduction. Newly recognized species; extremely rare – highly endangered; known an 8.5km2 area in Stephens Co., GA and Oconee Co, SC; stream dwellers. (Post workshop: I have a small group of Urspelerpes brucei at home, also recently collected (still bait in GA). They are doing well, though most are larvae. Todd Pierson and Carlos Camp are analyzing eDNA samples as we speak and hopefully with detect a broader distribution. Tim Herman, pers. comm. Oct 2013).
Assessed: 26 Oct 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2596&SpeciesID=1167&CountryID=98
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Amolops ricketti
Comments: This is a good husbandry analog for other Amolops species (Thomas Ziegler). Local people collect this species for food (Nguyen Thien Tao). The tadpoles of all Amolops are potentially interesting for ex-situ conservation education purposes as they have huge suckers and could climb the sides of an aquarium, but they might be difficult to keep in captivity (Jodi Rowley).
Assessed: 30 Mar 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=74&SpeciesID=2959&CountryID=141
Leptolalax nyx
Comments: This could be a husbandry analog for other Leptolalax and Leptobrachium (Thomas Ziegler). Newly described species (Jodi Rowley).
Assessed: 30 Mar 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1398&SpeciesID=4405&CountryID=141
Odorrana chloronota Chloronate Huia Frog, Copper-cheeked Frog
Comments: Would be a good analog for other Odorrana species (Thomas Ziegler). This group needs taxonomic work; this might not be a good species (Annemarie Ohler, Jodi Rowley). This species calls ultrasonically (Jiang Jianping).
Assessed: 30 Mar 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=1799&SpeciesID=3131&CountryID=141
Quasipaa verrucospinosa
Comments: This could be a husbandry analog for other Quasipaa and Nanorana (Thomas Ziegler). It occurs in protected areas, but it is targeted by local people for food and is not effectively protected (Nguyen Quang Truong, Jodi Rowley). There is a phylogenetic study, but it is not sufficient. This species belongs to a group of species that are often confused and misidentified.
Assessed: 30 Mar 2012 https://conservationneeds.org/Assessment/AssessmentResults?AssessmentID=2293&SpeciesID=3662&CountryID=141
